高杨,郝一男,王虎军,王喜明.不同处理方法对玉米秸秆表面性能的影响[J].包装工程,2016,37(3):13-17.
GAO Yang,HAO Yi-nan,WANG Hu-jun,WANG Xi-ming.Effect of Different Treatments on the Properties of Cornstalks Surface[J].Packaging Engineering,2016,37(3):13-17. |
| 不同处理方法对玉米秸秆表面性能的影响 |
| Effect of Different Treatments on the Properties of Cornstalks Surface |
| 投稿时间：2015-07-14 修订日期：2016-02-10 |
| DOI： |
| 中文关键词: 玉米秸秆 表面处理 红外分析 微观形貌分析 接触角 |
| 英文关键词: cornstalks surface treatment infrared analysis microstructure analysis contact angle |
| 基金项目:内蒙古自治区科技厅科技创新引导资金 （20131506） |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 研究不同方法处理后玉米秸秆表面发生的物理和化学变化， 以更好地适用于包装发泡材料。方法 对玉米秸秆表面采用稀酸、 热氢氧化钠、 蒸汽、 沸水、 微波等多种方法进行处理， 并运用傅里叶红外光谱仪、 扫描电子显微镜、 接触角测试仪进行表征和形貌分析。结果 红外分析可知， 所有处理方法均能减少秸秆表皮木质素的含量； 稀酸、 热氢氧化钠和蒸汽处理减少了纤维素含量； 热氢氧化钠、蒸汽、 沸水和微波处理降低了脂类化合物含量； 除了沸水以外的其他处理， 都能破坏掉芳香族化合物的结构； Si—O—Si键只有热氢氧化钠处理能破坏。扫描电镜观察可知， 高温处理对秸秆表面的效果较好。接触角测试可知， 经硫酸、 乙酸、 热氢氧化钠、 蒸汽、 沸水、 微波处理后， 接触角分别平均降低了4.58°， 12.5°， 22.5°， 9.8°， 11.4°， 6.85°。结论 热氢氧化钠对秸秆的处理效果最好， 而硫酸、 乙酸、 热氢氧化钠、 蒸汽、 沸水、 微波处理虽有效果但不明显。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The aim of this work was to study the physical and chemical changes of cornstalks surface after different treatments targeting at its better application in foam packaging materials. The cornstalks were treated using a variety of processing methods such as diluted acid treatment, hot sodium hydroxide treatment, steam treatment, hydrothermal treatment and microwave treatment, and characterization and morphology analysis were conducted using Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, and contact angle tester. The infrared analysis showed that all the methods could reduce the content of lignin; diluted acid, hot sodium hydroxide and steam treatments reduced the cellulose content; hot sodium hydroxide, steam, hydrothermal and microwave treatments reduced the contents of lipid compounds; all kinds of methods could break the structure of aromatic compounds except hydrothermal treatment, and only hot sodium hydroxide treatment could destroy the Silicon oxygen bond. Scanning electron microscopy showed that high-temperature treatment had relatively good effect on the cornstalk surface. The Contact Angle test revealed that after treatments with sulfuric acid, acetic acid and hot sodium hydroxide, steam, hot water and microwave, the contact angle decreased by 4.58°， 12.5°， 22.5°， 9.8° ，1.4° ，6.85° on average, respectively. In conclusion, The hot sodium hydroxide treatment had the best effect on cornstalks surface, while the treatments with sulfuric acid, acetic acid, steam, hot water and microwave had insignificant effect. |
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