岳大然,梁昌宝,张嘉怡,郭芷良.三种散孔材植物纤维化学特征的比较[J].包装工程,2023,44(9):147-153.
YUE Da-ran,LIANG Chang-bao,ZHANG Jia-yi,GUO Zhi-liang.Comparative Study on the Chemical Characteristics of Lignocellulosic Chemistry of Three Diffuse Porous Wood[J].Packaging Engineering,2023,44(9):147-153. |
| 三种散孔材植物纤维化学特征的比较 |
| Comparative Study on the Chemical Characteristics of Lignocellulosic Chemistry of Three Diffuse Porous Wood |
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| DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2023.09.018 |
| 中文关键词: 橡胶木 化学组分 微观结构 包装材料 |
| 英文关键词: rubber wood chemical components microstructure packaging materials |
| 基金项目:海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(320RC468);海南省重点研发计划(ZDYF2021XDNY196);海南大学科研启动基金(KYQD ZR 1986) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 以海南橡胶木为原料，对其化学全组分(灰分、综纤维素、酸不溶木素、聚戊糖、α−纤维素、NaOH(1%)抽出物、苯醇抽出物、淀粉和蛋白质)含量进行测定，观察和研究橡胶木的微观结构，并与典型阔叶材杨木和桦木进行对比分析，明确海南橡胶木的化学组分和微观结构特征。方法 采用植物显微技术结合化学组分测定的国家标准予以分析。结果 海南橡胶木的木素、综纤维素、灰分、聚戊糖、α−纤维素、抽出物与杨木和桦木存在微量差异，其淀粉和蛋白质含量远高于典型阔叶材杨木和桦木;橡胶木纤维的长度为1 176.68 μm，宽度为21.35 μm，长宽比约为55.11，壁腔比为0.49;橡胶木属散孔材，木射线组织呈异型Ⅰ和异型Ⅱ，木纤维具有纤维管胞和角质木纤维，轴向薄壁组织有傍管薄壁组织和离管薄壁组织2种。结论 较高的纤维素和较低的木素、苯醇抽出物含量，较大的长宽比及较小的壁腔比，使得橡胶木在制浆过程中所消耗的脱木素和漂白药剂更少，蒸煮时间更短，制浆得率更高，纤维交织能力更强，纤维分布更密，纸张结合强度更高，较为适宜作为制备力学性能优良的纸基包装材料的重要基材。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to take Hainan rubber wood as the raw material to determine the content of its chemical components (ash, holocellulose, lignin, hemicellulose, α-cellulose, 1% NaOH extract, phenyl alcohol extract, starch and protein), observe and study its microstructure and compare it with typical hardwood poplar and birch, to clarify its chemical components and microstructure characteristics. Plant microscopic techniques and Chinese national standards for chemical component determination were used in combination for analysis. The lignin, holocellulose, ash, hemicellulose, α-cellulose and extracts of Hainan rubber wood were slightly different from those of hardwood poplar and birch, but its starch and protein content were much higher than those of typical hardwood poplar and birch. The fiber length of rubber wood was 1 176.68 μm, the width was 21.35 μm, the aspect ratio was about 55.11, and the cell ratio was 0.49. Rubber wood was a diffuse porous wood. The wood ray structure was heteromorphic I and heteromorphic Ⅱ. The wood fibers were tracheid and keratinous wood fibers. The axial parenchyma had two types:adjacent parenchyma and off-tube parenchyma. The higher content of cellulose and lower content of lignin and phenyl alcohol extracts, the larger aspect ratio and the smaller cell ratio make the rubber wood pulp process consume less delignification and bleaching agents, so the streaming time is shorter, pulping yield is higher, fiber intertwining ability is stronger, fiber distribution is denser and paper binding strength is higher. It is more suitable as an important substrate for the preparation of paper-based packaging materials with excellent mechanical properties. |
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