许威,田野.基于纤维解离纹理方向对木材压缩与弯曲力学特性的影响分析[J].包装工程,2025,(7):8-16.
XU Wei,TIAN Ye.Analysis of Effect of Fiber Dissociation Texture Direction on Compressive and Bending Mechanical Properties of Wood[J].Packaging Engineering,2025,(7):8-16. |
| 基于纤维解离纹理方向对木材压缩与弯曲力学特性的影响分析 |
| Analysis of Effect of Fiber Dissociation Texture Direction on Compressive and Bending Mechanical Properties of Wood |
| 投稿时间：2025-02-16 |
| DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.07.002 |
| 中文关键词: 木材 纹理方向 解离特征 屈服强度 冲击韧性 |
| 英文关键词:wood texture direction dissociation characteristics yield strength impact toughness |
| 基金项目:2024年度黑龙江省省属本科高校基本科研业务费项目(2024KYYWF0997);国家自然科学基金面上项目(41772387) |
| 作者 | 单位 |
| 许威 | 哈尔滨商业大学 轻工学院，哈尔滨 150028 |
| 田野 | 哈尔滨商业大学 轻工学院，哈尔滨 150028 |
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| Author | Institution |
| XU Wei | College of Light Industry, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China |
| TIAN Ye | College of Light Industry, Harbin University of Commerce, Harbin 150028, China |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 以榆木为研究对象，研究纹理方向对木材压缩与弯曲解离的形态特征和力学特性的影响。方法 对气干和软化榆木试件进行不同加载方向的压缩和弯曲加载试验，采集试件的解离形态特征和力学特性，分析纹理方向对气干和软化榆木试件受压缩和弯曲载荷作用解离的形态特征和力学特性的影响。结果 软化试件在压缩过程中的解离程度大于气干试件，当压缩加载角度<45°时，试件的解离程度大于加载角度>45°时的解离程度，弦向加载最易解离，轴向加载最难解离;气干试件弯曲断口表面主要呈锯齿状和针状，软化试件弯曲断口表面主要呈木毛状和细裂片状;当弯曲加载角度<45°时，试件断口纤维解离形态一致较好，软化试件断口纤维解离形态一致性好于气干试件;软化试件的压缩屈服强度低于气干试件，而弯曲加载冲击韧性高于气干试件;加载方向从弦向向径向过渡时，气干和软化试件的压缩屈服强度和冲击韧性均随加载角度的增大而增大，呈线性正相关关系，弦向加载压缩屈服强度和冲击韧性均最小。结论 受压缩与弯曲载荷作用时，软化试件的解离程度比气干试件的高，沿弦向加载最易解离;加载角度<45°时，榆木试件解离消耗的能量低，得到的纤维形态好、质量高。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| The work aims to take elm as the research object and study the effect of texture direction on the dissociation morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of wood under compression and bending.. Compression and bending loading tests were carried out on air-dried and softened elm specimens in different loading directions. The dissociation morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of the specimens were collected, and the effects of texture direction on the dissociation morphological characteristics and mechanical properties of air-dried and softened elm specimens under compression and bending loading were analyzed. The degree of compression dissociation of the softened specimens was greater than that of the air-dried specimens. When the compression loading angle was less than 45°, the dissociation degree of the specimens was larger than that of the specimens when the compression loading angle was greater than 45°. The tangential loading specimens were the easiest to dissociate, and the axial loading specimens were the most difficult to dissociate. The bending fracture surface of the air-dried specimens was mainly serrated and needle-like, and the bending fracture surface of the softened specimens was mainly wood wool and fine crack. When the bending loading direction was less than 45°, the fracture fiber dissociation morphology of the specimens was consistent, and the consistency of the fracture fiber dissociation morphology of the softened specimens was better than that of the air-dried specimens. The compression loading stress level of the softened specimens was lower than that of the air-dried specimens, while the bending loading impact toughness of the softened specimens was higher than that of the air-dried specimens. When the loading direction transited from tangential to radial direction, the compression yield strength and impact toughness of air-dried and softened specimens increased with the increase of loading angle, showing a linear positive correlation relationship. The compression yield strength and impact toughness of tangential loading were the smallest. Under compression and bending load, the degree of dissociation of the softened specimens is higher than that of the air-dry specimens, and the specimens loaded along the tangential direction are the easiest to dissociate. When the loading angle is less than 45°, the energy consumption of the elm specimens is low, and the fiber obtained is good in shape and high in quality. |
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