目的 在人口老龄化进程加快，老年人智能产品市场发展迅速的背景下，探索老年用户对服务机器人外观形态的情感偏好。方法 眼动评价是研究老年人视觉、情感认知的主要方法，以65岁为基本年龄的老年用户为对象，选取市场上现有的真人型、仿动物型、拟人型、拟物型4类老龄服务机器人的正面图片作为刺激材料，15名健康老年人作为被试者，以眼动追踪为主、主观问卷及心电为辅，3种测量手段相结合的方式进行实验，深入探讨被试者面对不同服务机器人外观形态设计要素时的生理及心理特征。结论 结合3种测量数据可知，老年用户对服务机器人头部形态的关注度更高，黑色更贴合老年人视觉的感官偏好，且真人型服务机器人外观形态更受欢迎。

Under the background of the accelerating of aging population and the rapid development of intelligent product market for the elderly, this paper explores the emotional preference of elderly users for the appearance of service robots.Eye movement evaluation is the main method to study the vision and emotional cognition of the elderly. The 65 years old (the basic age) elderly users were selected as the research objects. The positive pictures of four kinds of service robots for the elderly in the market, including human, animal-like, anthropomorphic and object-shaped, were selected as stimulus materials. 15 healthy elderly people participated in the experiment with eye tracking as the main method and the subjective questionnaire and ECG as the auxiliary methods to explore their physiological and psychological characteristics when being confronted with the different service robots with different appearance design elements. Based on the three kinds of measurement data, they show that the elderly users pay more attention to the head shape of the service robot, the black color is more suitable for the elderly people's visual and sensory preferences, and the appearance shape of the human service robot is more popular. The results of this study can provide a theoretical and practical basis for the appearance design of future elderly service robots.