目的 以构建人机协调、轻量化的外骨骼设计为目标，探索拓扑优化在军用单兵外骨骼设计领域的应用和方法。方法 通过分析外骨骼装备的使用需求和现有装备的设计特点，结合人体工学和运动学理论提出军用单兵外骨骼装备的设计方向，将拓扑优化方法引入外骨骼装备前期造型设计阶段，建立以形态结构优化为先导的设计流程，并应用于军用单兵外骨骼装备设计。结果 基于人体运动自由度和步态，设计了具备拓扑优化造型的军用单兵外骨骼装备。装备部件经过优化后，在结构性能较为理想的同时，自重显著降低、装备可穿戴性好，且能够提供有效的负重辅助和可观的运动助力，达到了设计预定指标。结论 拓扑优化设计方法能够满足人机协调运动机构和高比强度造型结构的外骨骼装备设计要求;基于该方法设计的单兵外骨骼装备具有良好的军事应用前景。

With the goal of building man-machine coordination and lightweight exoskeleton design, this study explored the application and method of topology optimization in the field of military individual exoskeleton design. Firstly, in combination with ergonomics and kinematics theory, the design direction was proposed by analyzing the usage requirements of military exoskeleton equipment and the design characteristics of existing equipment. Secondly, topology optimization method was introduced into the early design stage of exoskeleton equipment, and a design process with shape and structure optimization as the lead was established and applied to the design of military individual exoskeleton equipment. A military individual exoskeleton equipment with topological optimization shape was designed based on freedom of motion and gait of anatomy. In addition, the weight of optimized equipment components was significantly reduced while the structural performance was relatively ideal. The equipment shows good wearability, effective weight support and considerable motion assistance. Furthermore, the performance parameters reached the predetermined index perfectly. The design requirements of man-machine coordinated motion mechanism and high specific strength structure of military individual exoskeleton equipment can be met by topology optimization design method. Besides, the exoskeleton equipment designed based on topology optimization design method has good application prospect of military.