目的 以空气动力学性能为导向对新干线列车进行外形特征提取，建立形性协同的拓扑外形设计方法，提升我国高速列车外形设计品质。方法 利用眼动实验对新干线列车外形数据库外形进行区域归纳与分析，得到车头外形鼻端部、前脸部、肩部、走行部四个重要区域;对新干线运营以来的16种车型按照四个发展阶段总结各区域造型的型线性状及变化趋势;结合头型各区域特征性状表现与气动性能的对应关系，建立针对我国列车设计的形性协同设计方法。结论 通过对列车肩部、走行部曲面转折，鼻端部扁宽造型，前脸部分司机室隆起幅度等特征的合理运用与调整，能在兼顾气动性能的同时提升列车外形设计品质。

Taking the aerodynamic performance as the guide to extract the shape features of Shinkansen trains, this paper aims to establish a topological shape design method with synergy of shape and performance, and improve the quality of the shape design of high-speed trains in our country. The eye movement experiments are used to conduct regional induction and analysis of the shape according to the Shinkansen train shape database.to obtain the four important areas of nose end, front face, shoulder and running gear of the head shape; the type linearity and change trend of each regional model for 16 models since the operation of Shinkansen according to four development stages are summarized; combined with the corresponding relationship between the characteristics and aerodynamic performance of each region of the head shape, a shape collaborative design method for Chinese train design is established.. Through the reasonable application and adjustment of the characteristics such as the curve turning of the train shoulder and running gear, the flat and wide shape of the nose end, and the cab bulge of the front face, the design quality of the train shape can be improved while giving consideration to the aerodynamic performance.