目的 基于列车卧铺的乘客行为研究，系统地进行人机工程学分析，为列车卧铺布局设计提供有效的指导。方法 首先分析乘客行为与列车卧铺设施布局的映射关系，通过任务分析法，研究乘客在卧车中的行为，引入SAPAD框架建立各个行为层次上的意义，关联归纳现有卧铺布局问题，提取具体设计属性需求。最后，进行布局迭代的设计与验证分析。结果 研究了乘客在卧铺中的四种主要行为，设计了以行为分析为指导的卧铺布局模型，使用Jack软件验证了创新设计功能的可行性。结论 在卧铺车厢设计过程中，进行乘客行为的人机工程学分析，有利于发现用户在使用过程中不合理的设计内容，得到新的基于人机工程学的卧铺布局设计方法，提升用户乘车体验。

The work aims to systematically conduct ergonomic analysis based on the research on passenger behaviors of sleepers, so as to provide effective guidance for the layout design of train sleepers. First, the mapping relationship between passenger behaviors and the layout of train sleeper facilities was analyzed, and the behaviors of passengers in sleepers were studied through task analysis. Then the SAPAD framework was introduced to establish the meaning of each behavior level, and the existing sleeper layout problems were summarized in relation to extract. Finally, layout iterative design and verification analysis were carried out. Four standard behaviors of passengers in the sleeper were studied. A sleeper layout model guided by behavior analysis was designed, and the feasibility of the innovative design function was verified with Jack software. In sleeper design, the ergonomic analysis of passenger behaviors is conducive to discovering the unreasonable design content of users during use, and obtaining a new design method based on ergonomics to improve user riding experience.