目的 旨在提出基于手部动线观察法的救护车布局优化设计方法，通过分析急救工作者的急救姿势、行为动线等内容，优化舱内布局，提高急救工作者工作效率。方法 使用手部动线观察法对急救工作者的行为进行观察，结合层次任务分析法对工作任务进行分层与分类，使用布局分区分析法及映射分析法将用户行为与车内布局、交互部件联系，使用SPSS工具对动线数据进行相关性分析。结果 得到了不同救护车内舱布局下经典急救任务的手部动线数据。依据数据分析得到了救护车内舱布局的优化设计策略，并对救护车舱进行了创新方案设计。结论 不同救护车舱布局会产生明显的任务动线差异，且布局数据指标与动线数据指标之间存在较高相关性。通过分析布局数据可以得到明确的布局优化设计策略以改善动线数据、优化急救流程，证明手部动线观察法可以作为舱内空间布局优化的设计方法。

The work aims to propose an ambulance layout optimization design method based on the hand movement trajectory observation method and optimize the cabin layout by analyzing the emergency workers' rescue postures and behavioral trajectories, thus improving the work efficiency of emergency workers. The emergency workers' behaviors were observed by the hand movement trajectory observation method. Combined with hierarchical task analysis, the work tasks were classified and the layout zoning analysis and mapping analysis were used to link user behaviors with cabin layout and interactive components. SPSS tools were employed for correlation analysis of trajectory data. Hand movement trajectory data for classic emergency tasks under different ambulance cabin layouts were obtained. Based on data analysis, optimization strategies for ambulance cabin layout were derived, and innovative design schemes for ambulance cabins were developed. Different ambulance cabin layouts lead to significant differences in task trajectories, and there is a high correlation between layout data indicators and trajectory data indicators. Analyzing layout data can yield clear optimization strategies for layout design to improve trajectory data, optimize emergency processes, and prove that the hand movement trajectory observation method can serve as a design method for optimizing cabin space layout.