目的 为平衡学龄前儿童认知能力与图标造型设计之间的关系，以学龄前儿童认知负荷为基础探究科普APP界面图标造型设计。方法 首先，以现有文献研究为基础，提炼出3类不同的图标造型和3个造型评价维度;其次，筛选出具有代表性的6项眼动指标和3项脑电指标，并通过眼动-脑电实验收集数据;再次，结合改进的Pass量表获取认知负荷主观评估数据;然后，运用逐步回归法进一步筛选出对认知负荷影响最大的3项眼动指标和2项脑电指标;最后，探究眼动指标、脑电指标与认知负荷的关系，并建立多元回归模型。结果 不同类型的图标造型对儿童认知负荷的影响存在显著性差异。结论 通过融合眼动指标与脑电指标，并建立其与认知负荷的回归关系模型，较好地解析影响儿童认知负荷的图标造型，形成对视觉美学与认知负荷的量化分析，为学龄前儿童科普APP界面图标造型设计与方案评价提供理论依据。

In order to balance the relationship between preschool children's cognitive ability and icon modeling design, the work aims to explore the interface icon modeling design of the science popularization APP based on preschool children's cognitive load. Firstly, based on existing literature research, three different types of icon modeling and three modeling evaluation dimensions were extracted. Secondly, 6 representative eye movement indicators and 3 EEG indicators were screened out, and the data were collected through eye movement-EEG experiment. Thirdly, the improved Pass scale was used to obtain subjective evaluation data of cognitive load. Then, the stepwise regression method was used to screen out 3 eye movement indicators and 2 EEG indicators that had the greatest impact on cognitive load. Finally, the relationship among eye movement indicators, EEG indicators and cognitive load was explored, and a multiple regression model was established. It was found that there were significant differences in the effects of different types of icon modeling on cognitive load. By integrating eye movement and EEG indicators and establishing the regression relationship model with cognitive load, the icon modeling affecting children's cognitive load is better analyzed and a quantitative analysis of visual aesthetics and cognitive load is formed, providing a theoretical basis for the design of icon modeling for preschool children's science popularization APP interfaces and program evaluation.