基于力平衡的入耳式耳机外壳适配性设计方法研究

丛晓妍; 刘思悦; 时贞捷; 卜令国; 王春鹏

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.24.013

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包装工程（设计栏目） ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (24) : 155-170. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.24.013

工业设计

基于力平衡的入耳式耳机外壳适配性设计方法研究

丛晓妍¹, 刘思悦¹, 时贞捷¹, 卜令国², 王春鹏^1,*

作者信息 +

Adaptability Design Method of In-ear Headphone Shells Based on Force Balance

CONG Xiaoyan¹, LIU Siyue¹, SHI Zhenjie¹, BU Lingguo², WANG Chunpeng^1,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的适配性设计对穿戴类产品极为重要,针对目前入耳式耳机外壳设计中提高适配程度会增加生产成本的问题,提出一种基于力平衡的适配性设计新方法。方法对人耳-耳机系统进行受力分析,得到系统在人体各种运动情景下的受力情况。根据力平衡原理指导耳机外壳形状设计,使耳机关键点位与耳道接触以产生维持系统受力平衡所需的支持力,并以耳机在人耳系统中的力平衡程度为依据,将适配度分为8个等级,研究得到各适配等级对应的关键点位,设计师针对对应点位进行耳机外壳的支撑设计即可满足适配要求。为验证设计方法有效性,采集被试人员数据构建人耳三维模型,使用ANSYS软件对市面入耳式耳机（适配度用户评价已确定）及依据基于力平衡的适配性设计方法制作的设计方案进行有限元仿真分析。结果有限元分析结果显示,市面耳机支撑点位设计与基于力平衡的适配性设计方法在同等适配等级下的要求点位大致相同;此外,依据本设计方法制作的产品方案,佩戴应力分布均匀,适配度达到目标要求。结论基于力平衡的入耳式耳机外壳曲面造型适配性设计方法可以准确完成任意目标适配等级,且不会提高生产成本,能够降低既往设计方法对设计师尺寸应用的经验依赖,减少产品开发过程中针对适配性的尺寸调整迭代,有效缩短产品研发周期。

Abstract

Adaptability design is important for wearable products. To solve the problem that improving the degree of adaptation will increase the production cost in the design of the in-ear headphone shell, the work aims to propose a new design method based on force balance. By conducting force analysis on the human ear-headphone system, the force situations of the system under various human motion scenarios were obtained. According to the principle of force balance, the shape design of the headphone shell was guided to form the key points of the headphone to contact the ear canal and generate the support force required to maintain the force balance of the headphone. Based on the degree of force balance of the headphone in the human ear system, the wearing adaptability was divided into eight levels. The key points corresponding to each adaptation level were also obtained through the study. The designers were only required to conduct support structure design for the headphone shell at the corresponding positions to meet the adaptation requirements. To verify the effectiveness of the design method, data from the subjects were collected to construct a three-dimensional model of the human ear. ANSYS software was used to perform finite element simulation analysis on the in-ear headphones on the market (user evaluation of adaptability was known) and the design scheme developed based on a force balance driven adaptability design method. The finite element analysis results indicated that the design of the support point of the headphone from the market was largely consistent with the required points of the force balance driven adaptability design method at equivalent adaptability levels. In addition, the design scheme guided by the proposed method had a uniform distribution of wearing stress and met the target requirements for adaptability. Therefore, the design method of in-ear headphone shell adaptability based on force balance can accurately achieve any target adaptability level without increasing production costs. It can reduce the experience dependence of previous design methods on designers' size application, reduce the iteration of size adjustment for adaptability in the product development process, and effectively shorten the product development cycle.

导出引用1

丛晓妍, 刘思悦, 时贞捷, 卜令国, 王春鹏. 基于力平衡的入耳式耳机外壳适配性设计方法研究[J]. 包装工程. 2025, 46(24): 155-170 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.24.013

CONG Xiaoyan, LIU Siyue, SHI Zhenjie, BU Lingguo, WANG Chunpeng. Adaptability Design Method of In-ear Headphone Shells Based on Force Balance[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(24): 155-170 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.24.013

中图分类号： TB472

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