目的 为了提高老年群体养老生活体验满意度,调动老年群体潜在社会力量,利用理论模型结合数字化平台构建进行设计研究,为积极老龄化目标推进提供积极作用。方法 首先,运用KANO模型对老年群体进行需求调研,结果分析,属性归类,明确目标群体需求;其次,结合AHP层次分析法建立评估矩阵,确定设计需求项重要程度排序及权重;最后,通过FBS的映射转换确定APP所需功能结构,综合分析结果确定相应设计方法及相关APP开发设计。结果 通过结合KANO模型、AHP分析法、FBS模型构建了面向老年群体的积极老龄化APP设计方案,并采用FCE模糊综合评价法进行有效性验证,最终方案在使用意愿、功能表现、经济效益和社会效益等方面获得“良好”评价。结论 KANO模型与AHP层次分析法的结合有效解决了用户需求的复杂性与优先级排序问题,FBS模型的引入提升了设计方案的系统性与结构清晰度。FCE模糊综合评价结果表明,该方案能够较好地满足老年群体的基本需求,并在推动社会养老服务优化方面具有一定应用价值,为老年服务类APP的设计提供了可行性验证与实践指导。
Abstract
To enhance the satisfaction of elderly individuals with their retirement experience and mobilize their latent social potential, the work aims to integrate theoretical models with a digital platform to conduct a design-oriented investigation, contributing to the advancement of active aging initiatives. Firstly, the KANO model was employed to survey and analyze user needs, classifying need attributes and clarifying target user requirements. Subsequently, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was utilized to establish an evaluation matrix, determining the priority ranking and weighting of design requirements. Finally, the Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) model was applied for mapping and transformation to define the functional structure of the APP. Based on a comprehensive analysis, appropriate design methodologies were identified to guide the APP development. By integrating the KANO model, the AHP method, and the FBS model, a design scheme for an active aging APP targeting the elderly population was developed and evaluated through the Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method, receiving a "good" rating in terms of user willingness, functional performance, economic benefits, and social impact. The combination of the KANO model and AHP effectively addresses the complexity and prioritization of user needs, while the FBS model enhances the systematic nature and structural clarity of the design scheme. The FCE evaluation results further indicate that the proposed design scheme effectively meets the fundamental needs of elderly users and contributes to the optimization of social elderly care services, providing a practical reference and feasibility validation for the design of elderly-oriented service applications.
关键词
KANO模型 /
层次分析法（AHP） /
FBS模型 /
积极老龄化 /
APP设计 /
模糊综合评价法（FCE）
Key words
KANO model /
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) /
Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) /
active aging /
APP design /
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE)
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基金
教育部人文社科青年基金项目（24YJC760017）
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