目的 旨在系统探索文化遗产数字体验与实体藏品协同设计的核心要素与作用机制,构建“物理-数字-认知”三元融合的协同系统,建立符合认知科学规律的评价体系,实现物质文化遗产本体保护与数字体验创新的有机统一。方法 基于分布式认知理论构建“环境-工具-个体”三维研究框架。采用问卷调查和深度访谈,研究用户在物质载体系统、技术中介系统和用户经验系统等层面的需求特征,建立层次结构模型;运用KANO模型收集用户反馈,依据Better-Worse系数分析确定各需求要素的属性分类;结合AHP方法计算各层级指标的权重分布,量化评估协同设计要素的优先级;通过专家工作坊与用户前置访谈等定性研究方法进行深化,生成文化原型以捕捉深层的文化语境与用户情感需求。基于KANO-AHP综合分析结果,构建数字协同设计策略体系并以内蒙古“河套造物”文遗数字交互体验设计为例开展设计实践验证。结果 建立了包含3个准则层要素、9个指标层要素的文遗数实协同设计评价体系,揭示了认知载体间的协同关系;提出了由“核心体验、技术保障、环境融合”构成的多维耦合设计策略。结论 基于分布式认知理论与AHP-KANO混合研究方法,为文化遗产数实协同设计提供了兼具逻辑严谨性与文化洞察力的系统框架。实践表明,该框架既能精准定位用户需求,又能通过文化原型的隐喻叙事与具身交互的情感化设计,实现技术、文化与认知的深层融合。本研究拓展了数字技术在文化遗产传播中的应用维度,为构建虚实融合的文化体验提供了可操作的创新范式。
Abstract
The work aims to systematically explore the core elements and operational mechanisms of collaborative design between digital experience and physical collectibles of cultural heritage, construct a synergistic system integrating "physical-digital-cognitive" dimensions, establish an evaluation system conforming to the laws of cognitive science, and achieve an organic unity between the preservation of tangible cultural heritage and digital experience innovation. A three- dimensional research framework of "environment-tool-individual" was constructed based on the distributed cognition theory. Questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews were conducted to investigate user needs across the material carrier system, the technology intermediary system, and the user experience system, establishing a hierarchical structure model. The KANO model was employed to collect user feedback, determining the attribute classification of each need element based on Better-Worse coefficient analysis. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method was used to calculate the weight distribution of indicators across levels, quantitatively evaluating the priority of collaborative design elements. Qualitative research methods, including expert workshops and preliminary user interviews, were utilized to deepen the understanding, generating cultural prototypes to capture deeper cultural contexts and user emotional needs. Based on the comprehensive KANO-AHP analysis results, a digital collaborative design strategy system was constructed and validated through the design practice case of the "Hetao Creation" cultural heritage digital interactive experience project in Inner Mongolia. A collaborative design evaluation system for digital and physical cultural heritage was established, comprising 3 criterion- level elements and 9 indicator-level elements, revealing the synergistic relationships among cognitive carriers. A multi-dimensional coupled design strategy consisting of "core experience, technical support, and environmental integration" was proposed. Based on the distributed cognition theory and the AHP-KANO mixed-methods approach, this study provides a systematic framework for the collaborative design of digital and physical cultural heritage that combines logical rigor with cultural insight. Practice shows that this framework can not only accurately identify user needs but also achieve deep integration of technology, culture, and cognition through the metaphorical narratives of cultural prototypes and the emotional design of embodied interactions. This research expands the application dimensions of digital technology in cultural heritage dissemination and provides an operable innovative paradigm for constructing virtual-real integrated cultural experiences.
关键词
文化遗产数字化 /
分布式认知 /
KANO模型 /
层次分析法（AHP） /
创意传播
Key words
digitalization of cultural heritage /
distributed cognition /
KANO Model /
analytic hierarchy process (AHP) /
creative communication
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基金
内蒙古自治区社会科学基金项目（2025PTWY14）; 内蒙古自治区高等学校科学技术研究项目（NJSY22606）; 内蒙古自治区直属高校基本科研业务费项目（2023JBQN024）
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