目的 针对高原极端赋存环境加剧掘进过程随机性与复杂性、导致人工作业强度激增及经验化施工效率受限等问题,旨在构建一套高精度、强鲁棒性的装备与环境交互式多物理场仿真模型,以实现自动化高原掘进机的实时状态监测、性能预测和智能运维。方法 提出基于多物理场协同仿真的建模策略,系统整合离散元法、多体动力学、有限元法与流体传动技术。以EBZ200I悬臂式掘进机为研究对象,建立机电液控联合仿真系统,通过多物理场耦合计算构建反映高原复杂工况下整机运动学特性的多模态仿真模型。结果 仿真验证表明,所构建的数字孪生模型能够准确预测不同岩石工况下的动态载荷分布及掘进面环境参数的实时变化,揭示了复杂工况下掘进装备的机环交互规律与载荷传递特征。结论 本研究将高原环境因素与机环交互仿真概念引入掘进机数字孪生建模,为高原重型装备的稳健性设计和智能运维策略制定提供了重要的技术支撑,对提升高原隧道掘进作业的智能化水平和安全性具有显著工程价值。
Abstract
To address the issues that extreme geological environments in plateau regions exacerbate the randomness and complexity of the excavation process, resulting in a surge in manual labor intensity and limited efficiency of experience-based construction, the work aims to construct a high-precision and highly robust equipment-environment interactive digital twin model, to achieve real-time condition monitoring, performance prediction, and intelligent operation and maintenance for automated plateau roadheaders. A modeling strategy based on multi-physics collaborative simulation was proposed, systematically integrating the discrete element method (DEM), multibody dynamics (MBD), finite element method (FEM), and fluid power transmission technology. With the EBZ200I boom-type roadheader as the research object, a mechanical-electrical-hydraulic-control co-simulation system was established. Through multi-physics coupling calculations, a multimodal simulation model was constructed to reflect the kinematic characteristics of the entire machine under complex plateau working conditions. Simulation verification demonstrated that the constructed digital twin model could accurately predict the dynamic load distribution under different rock conditions and the real-time variations of environmental parameters at the excavation face. Furthermore, it revealed the equipment-environment interaction mechanisms and load transfer characteristics of the excavation equipment under complex conditions. This work introduces plateau environmental factors and the concept of equipment-environment interaction simulation into the digital twin modeling of roadheaders, providing crucial technical support for the robust design and the formulation of intelligent operation and maintenance strategies for heavy equipment in plateau regions and holding significant engineering value for enhancing the intelligence level and safety of plateau tunnel excavation operations.
关键词
高原掘进 /
数字孪生 /
机环交互 /
多物理场耦合 /
智能运维
Key words
plateau excavation /
digital twin /
machine-environment interaction /
multi-physics coupling /
intelligent operation and maintenance
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基金
国家自然科学基金重点项目（52035007）; 国家重点研发计划项目（2022YFB3402001）
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