This paper aims to explore the design methods of household chronic disease medical devices for children under the perspective of emotion cognition. The theoretical research was carried out to find the significance and opportunity of introducing emotion cognition into the design of household medical devices for children with chronic diseases. The development laws of cognition and emotion of sick children were studied, combined with the study of negative emotion stressors and the characteristics of diagnosis and treatment to summarize the emotional and cognitive characteristics of children with chronic diseases. Meanwhile, based on the previous study results to determine the design methods of chronic disease medical devices for children at home under the perspective of emotion cognition. Emotion plays an important role in the rehabilitation of children with chronic diseases. The emotional and cognitive characteristics in material environment, physiological status, social cognition and others of sick children should be fully considered to design products improving children’s emotion perception from the material level, guiding their emotion from the behavior level and regulating their emotion from the cognitive level, which can help sick children face the family therapy with positive mindset and get well soon.