The work aims to propose a virtual maintenance simulation and evaluation optimization method based on DELMIA to construct a virtual maintenance simulation and evaluation system for civil aircraft so as to solve the difficulty and high cost of traditional civil aircraft interior maintenance. First, the maintenance task simulation actions were decomposed and the maintenance operation stages were divided, and the characteristics of the actions in different stages were analyzed to complete the division of the operation area. The maintenance action types were divided again for different areas, and virtual simulation operations were performed according to different types. The evaluation was based on the key frames extracted from the DELMIA simulation results to analyze the indicators to obtain the results of single evaluation. Finally, based on the MATLAB platform, the comprehensive evaluation weight vector of the above-mentioned various ergonomic factors was completed, the results of each key frame were calculated, the visual diagram and report of the comprehensive evaluation of ergonomics were output, and the optimization direction was given. The case verification of maintenance simulation of a certain type of civil aircraft interior luggage based on the project support showed that the method can systematically complete the maintenance simulation analysis task of typical interior components of civil aircraft, and give a clear maintenance optimization direction. The new method system is helpful to improve the efficiency and comprehensive evaluation reliability of civil aircraft interior virtual maintenance simulation.