The work aims to study the pattern characteristics of Mongolian felt and blanket and their influencing factors. Through literature research, a sample database of Mongolian felt and blanket was established, and statistical description and chi-square test in SPSS software were used to compare and analyze their differences from the perspective of pattern characteristics. It was pointed out that Mongolian felt and blanket showed significant differences in main pattern, edge pattern and color application. In Mongolian felt patterns, geometric patterns and plant patterns were used as the main patterns, geometric patterns were used as edge patterns, and the ground color was all pure wool color, one or two match colors were the mainstay. However, in Mongolian blanket patterns, more Bogu patterns and plant patterns were used as the main patterns, plant patterns and geometric patterns were used as edge patterns. In addition, blankets with Bogu patterns as the main patterns usually had no edge patterns. They have blue ground. Their decorative colors were rich and diverse. Mongolian felt of rolling felt and felt embroidery technology is mainly used for interior and exterior decoration of yurt, which concentrates on the typical aesthetic characteristics of nomadic culture, and is of great significance for the inheritance of the national culture. On the other hand, Mongolian blanket with weaving and tufting technology is mainly used for interior decoration of yurt and temple, reflecting the aesthetic characteristics of the integration of diverse cultures such as nomadic culture, farming culture and Buddhist culture, and is of great value to the innovative development of national culture.