The work aims to focus on the phenomenon of cognitive aging to improve the adaptability of different operation tasks and cognitive needs, and optimize the interaction design of home health management terminal products, in order to improve the chronic disease health management experience of the elderly in the home scene. First of all, through literature review, the sensory perception, intelligence, emotion and other relevant feature elements of the elderly in cognitive activities were summarized to complete the mapping of cognitive aging characteristics to design indicators. At the same time, SRK cognitive theory and decision diagram were introduced to complete the key task stratification of product. Further, the above design indicators and task levels were taken as model variables, and through the analysis of questionnaire data, the structural equation model was established and the data analysis results were obtained to clarify the weight of design indicators under different task levels. With the interaction design of home health management products as an example, through the structural equation model analysis, it is concluded that sensory experience has a significant positive impact on the skilled tasks, sensory experience and usability experience have a significant positive impact on the regular tasks and sensory experience, usability experience and emotional experience have a significant positive impact on knowledge tasks. The evaluation indicators that should be focused on in each dimension of experience are obtained. The hierarchical optimization of interactive experience from the perspective of different task types is realized, which provides theoretical reference for aging-appropriate interaction design of medical and health management products in the home scene.