Based on the cognitive needs of alpha generation children, the work aims to explore a new idea of digital museum design in line with Alpha Generation cognition.First of all, using the methods of literature analysis, in-depth interviews, questionnaires and so on, the typical characteristics and cognitive characteristics of children were analyzed to construct cognitive portraits of alpha generation children. Secondly, by investigating the cognitive needs of α-generation children for digital museums, some suggestions were put forward. Furthermore, on the basis of multi-aspect and multi-level investigation and analysis, the design strategy of digital museum for α-generation children was proposed. Finally, taking Shanhaiguan Great Wall Museum as an example, the design practice was carried out, and the design results were evaluated to verify the feasibility of the design.In conclusion,the design strategy based on α-generation children's cognitive needs is applied to the product design of the Digital Great Wall Museum. It is proposed that the initial cognition should be realized in the interface module, the cognitive breadth should be realized in the content module; the deep cognition should be realized in the functional module; and the cognitive value should be realized in the personality module. The cognitive interaction between museum and α-generation child users is realized through systematic design, which provides ideas for future digital museum design and development.