The work aims to analyze the application of the golden section law in modern visual graphic design. Based on the concept and types of golden section, 13 golden section legends were combined with several common golden section applications, such as golden line segment section, golden rectangle, golden spiral, root rectangle, and Fibonacci sequence, to understand and analyze their application principles in visual graphic design. As a result, the graphic design works were presented best visually, and the objective design thinking and logic reached harmony and balance. In conclusion, through learning the theory and knowledge of the golden section, combining with modern design, flexibly applying the golden section principle, and understanding the modeling law and proportion relationship of design, we can find the beauty of the golden ratio structure of its design relationship in all kinds of designs, recognize the design aesthetic significance of the golden section, understand the objectivity and rationality of this aesthetic significance in nature, make full use of this objective law in modern design, and understand the objective rational thinking and mathematical rigor of modern design.