School building of Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township is an important part of the world cultural heritage "Kaiping Diaolou and Village". The work aims to research their architectural patterns to expand the research scope of Chinese traditional patterns and provide materials for the future design of cultural and creative products with regional characteristics. Based on field investigation, a large number of decorative patterns of school buildings in Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township during the Republic of China were collected, and 248 complete patterns were selected as research samples according to the three principles of clear and complete patterns, early construction time and comprehensive types of school buildings to study and analyze the theme types, composition forms and metaphorical connotations of sample patterns. It is found that while adhering to the traditional Chinese culture and advocating the new industrial civilization of the West at that time, the people of Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township had the courage to break through and innovate, and boldly integrated the elements of Chinese and Western culture with the elements of local characteristics to create the local aesthetic pattern of Wuyi Overseas Chinese Township.