The work aims to sort out and analyze image-based intelligent recognition methods for visual design elements, summarize the research progress and existing challenges in this direction, predict the future development trend, and provide reference for relevant technology and application researchers. Based on the application requirements of design elements, common categories of design elements in interactive design were given. Through a review format, with images as the research object, intelligent recognition methods were classified, related research on visual design elements was reviewed, and different intelligent recognition methods for visual design elements were compared. Research difficulties and development trends of intelligent recognition technology for visual design elements were also summarized. Visual design elements are the core foundation for generating artistic inspiration in the design process, and also an important data source for generative artificial intelligence. It is believed that it will play a key role in more applications, not only bringing tremendous value to related design industries, but also bringing more convenience and aesthetic appeal to people's lives.