The work aims to analyze the identity discourse and visual rhetoric of women's movement posters, so as to summarize the ways of constructing identity and the visual rhetoric features of the posters. With the Chicago Women's Graphics Collective as an example, the visual strategies and rhetorical devices used by women's organizations in the construction of identity discourse in posters were discussed from the perspective of visual rhetoric. As a result, in the process of poster design, the Collective adopted visual metaphor to highlight the hostile relationship to construct identity by antithesis, and used visual metonymy to reproduce the female predicament to construct identity by sympathy and employed visual metonymy to reconstruct the image of Goddess to embody the movement's justice to construct identity by symbol. In conclusion, women's organizations use posters to publicize feminist ideas, spread movement information, and expand the impact of movement. They use visual rhetoric to build a bridge of communication with the audience, so that the audience can identify with the content of the posters and also identify with the women's movement, thus winning the support of public opinion for the movement.