As the carrier of intangible cultural heritage, Yanchuan fabric painting patterns have the folk characteristics of northern Shaanxi, and main elements of the patterns condense the characteristics of Yanchuan fabric paintings. In order to improve the effectiveness and accuracy of the protection of Yanchuan fabric paintings, the work aims to extract and apply the traditional cultural symbol of Yanchuan fabric paintings by GrabCut technology, to better protect the patterns of Yanchuan fabric paintings by combining culture and technology, thus promoting the inheritance and innovation of Yanchuan fabric paintings. Through in-depth research on the pattern characteristics and theme implication of Yanchuan fabric paintings, with the help of GrabCut technology, the patterns of Yanchuan fabric paintings were extracted and input to the computer combined with the design application program on web end, to establish a database of Yanchuan fabric painting patterns. At the same time, a digital display platform was built. On the one hand, the patterns of Yanchuan fabric paintings could be protected and spread and on the other hand, more designers could use the extracted elements for secondary creation and innovation of Yanchuan fabric paintings. Through research, the database of Yanchuan fabric paintings was established, and the digital display platform was built, which effectively promoted the protection, dissemination and design output of Yanchuan fabric paintings, and broadened the protection mode and dissemination path of Yanchuan fabric paintings. The digital extraction and construction of intangible cultural patterns embodies the combination of art and technology, which supports the research of Yanchuan fabric paintings with digital technology and promotes the spread and practice of Yanchuan fabric painting patterns, which is an innovative inheritance practice.