art concepts related to aesthetics were obtained, among which the content, artistic conception and color had the strongest influence. The eye-tracking technology and Tobii eye-tracking instrument were used to obtain the eye-movement pattern of Chinese painting aesthetic visual cognitive process. Theresultsshowed that the three groups were more attracted to the content with directional features in aesthetic content. The aesthetics followed the visual attention sequence of face, clothing, scene and text. In terms of mechanism, the composition of corner and situation would produce large aesthetic eye movement, while the composition of center and equidistant would produce small eye movement. The biological content of the fine realistic style and fine brushwork technique were likely to become the aesthetic eye movement hot spot. There were differences among the three groups in the recognition of blank space. The professional group had the most repeated eye movement trace points of blank space, the aesthetic consciousness of "counting white when black" artistic conception was obvious, and there were deficiencies in the aesthetic appreciation of "five colors of ink" in Chinese painting. All the three groups could identify four types only and there were significant differences. The eye movements of the three groups were transverse, and the aesthetic attention of the professional group was more concentrated on the lines of different techniques, such as gaoku silk drawing, spring silkworm spinning, wire drawing and so on.In conclusion,on the basis of universal human perception, scientific demonstration of eye movement law of three kinds of people's visual cognition level can discover the visual and psychological motivation of Chinese painting's unique aesthetic characteristics. It reveals the essential problem of 'vision and perception" in Chinese painting, and penetrates the aesthetic spirit of Chinese painting.