Through the research on the composition form, creation logic and cultural connotation of lanterns in Tang and Song Dynasties, the work aims to explore the design translation methods of these lanterns in modern lamps, investigate the new ideas of modern lamp design integrating cultural symbol factors of lanterns, and solve the problem that traditional lanterns are difficult to integrate into the daily life of modern people. From historical documents and paintings, the shape structures of lanterns in the Tang and Song Dynasties were sorted out, the characteristics of simplicity and bionics in appearance, technology and ingenuity in structure, enlightenment and vision in light and shadow were summarized and the current research limitations of traditional lantern inheritance and modern lamp design practice were analyzed, exploring the design translation thinking mode and feasible design path of lanterns of Tang and Song Dynasties in modern lamp design. Three design translation channels and model construction of material layer, behavior layer and spiritual layer were obtained, and three modern lamps containing traditional lantern culture were designed. Practice proved that design translation could help designers develop lamps with practical functions, unique shapes and rich cultural connotations, and create auspicious, beautiful and happy emotional experiences and life visions. The design translation has important research significance in the innovation of modern lamp design field, which plays a greater role in promoting the practical value and cultural value of traditional lanterns, and then provides a certain theoretical basis and methodological guidance for the integration and innovation of traditional Chinese artifacts and culture in modern product design.