The work aims to discuss and validate the preference characteristics of touch reading in picture books, so as to provide some references for teaching intervention and product design for special children. Firstly, three sets of experiments on image recognition of picture books were designed to examine the spatial perception and memory ability, concept discrimination and classification ability, conjecture and reasoning ability and other reading characteristics of visually impaired children. Furthermore, based on the experimental results, the picture books were adapted, and the reading literacy ability of visually impaired children was compared and evaluated with that of ordinary children in terms of reading fluency, information orientation, surface and deep understanding. The experimental results showed that the main effect of picture book reading on visually impaired children was significant in the number and details of pictures. The cognitive level of visually impaired children in different age groups was significantly different. The design of picture books based on reading characteristics could help readers get more complete reading information. Therefore, the design of picture books for visually impaired children should combine the reading characteristics of readers, attach importance to the content adaptation and narrative style design in the main features and main clue areas. And at the same time, the setting of reading versions, voice-assisted guidance and game design are conducive to further obtaining complete reading information and constructing accurate ideological connotation.