The work aims to improve the legibility of the displayed texts in museums, better convey the contents of exhibitions, strengthen the quality of information transmission, and improve the educational function of museums in the era of national education. The visual field of the displayed text was explored by combing ergonomics with field measurement. The ideal visual distance and visual angle range were constructed by the formula, so as to analyze the visual perception habits of the audience. On this basis, the color space, direction space, light and shadow space of the displayed text were further clarified and optimized, so as to meet the visual requirements of the audience when viewing the displayed text and improve the legibility of the displayed text. In conclusion, in museum exhibitions, the displayed text is the soul of exhibition information dissemination, connecting the whole exhibition, improving the legibility of the displayed text, making the connection between the displayed text and the exhibition more suitable, achieving the unity of the practical value and the aesthetic value of the displayed text, and improving the quality of the visual perception of museum visitors.