The work aims to study and analyze the evolution of gender characters in tobacco label images during the Republic of China. Through the climbing of the gender images of tobacco labels, and with the images of tobacco labels as the material media of aesthetic times, the characteristics of gender roles, the conflict of cultural ideas and the aesthetic changes of the times presented by the images of tobacco labels in the Republic of China were expounded from the perspectives of semiotics and iconography. It was found that under the multi-ideological trend of the Republic of China, the image style of figures changed, among which the "feminist" image theme emerged, and the male image theme changed from the traditional moral symbol to the "western gentleman". The selection and shaping of gender images of cigarette labels in the Republic of China, driven by the zeitgeist trend of thought and consumerism ideology, making cigarette label images, as the trend of fashion and consumption, become the medium of communication accepted by the public, thus containing and reflecting the aesthetic trend and cultural trend of an era with the help of the changes of cigarette label images and their gender semantics. The deep reasons for the construction of gender discourse in cigarette labels can be divided into three levels:symbol shaping driven by interests, conceptual guidance under economic difficulties, and gender anxiety under authority challenge, and finally points to the realistic expression of the concept of gender in social life, namely the construction of the "ideal image" and "ideal life" of both sexes.