The work aims to construct information visualization contents according to the cognitive path based on the DIKW model from the exploration and inheritance of ancient Chinese machinery with the transmission mechanism in the "Agricultural Book" as an example, and explore design methods and forms of expression based on its cognitive schema to promote the creative transformation and innovative development of China's cultural heritage. Through field investigation and literature research methods, the basic information of the "Agricultural Book" was collected and organized. Based on the DIKW value chain progressive structural relationship, an information visualization model logical relationship of data, information, knowledge, and wisdom of the transmission mechanism in the "Agricultural Book" was constructed, and an information visualization design architecture was established. Based on the three in one design principle and combined with the DIKW model cognitive schema, the information visualization design practice of the transmission mechanism in the "Agricultural Book" was carried out. By using a digital framework to classify the mechanical hierarchy information of the transmission mechanism in the Agricultural Book, and utilizing the DIKW cognitive schema adaptation process, the image content in the ancient "Agricultural Book" was transformed into a form that adapted to modern contexts, presenting gear transmission, rope transmission, and chain transmission in the form of visual images. Combining the DIKW model can help build clear structural relationships in the early stages of information visualization design, combine the design principles of exploratory cognitive schema theory, and provide new design ideas and methods for the information visualization design of cultural heritage, such as the "Agricultural Book".