The work aims to trace back the hunting and fishing life of the ancient people who migrated and drifted away with the birch-skin boat of Ewenki ethnic group, the representative of traditional folk art of three minorities, as a breakthrough, and extend the development of the modern fishery and the design of the boat, so as to achieve the purpose of identifying the past and the present and selecting the best to be passed on. According to the basis of anthropological and archaeological research, referring to the records of boats of Oroqen and Hezhe, grasping the social history of Ewenki, following the change of birch-skin boats, combining the field research with the graphic and textual evidence, the craft culture was interpreted from the perspective of the criterion of selecting excellence, holding the simple and truthful law, and the concept of following the nature of the sky. Viewing the birch-skin boat from the perspective of time, it reflects the fishing and hunting side of ancient human life at the end of the primitive society, and the change of Chinese oar inheritance and the simple and superb concepts of making things. Appreciating the birch-skin boat from the perspective of common time, its design idea, performance of the boat and the use of the encounter are unique compared with those of the same period. The Ewenki birch-skin boat is born in the primitive mountain forest fishing and hunting place, with the attributes and characteristics of the original culture, which is a great inspiration to the design ideas and manufacturing methods of the modern boats in the context of the excellent traditional craft and the inheritance of the excellent traditional culture.