Based on the theory of children's cognitive development, the work aims to analyze the narrative elements of original calligraphy picture books, and discuss how to make the design of original calligraphy picture books conform to the rules of children's cognitive development, so as to make these books better play the role of children's aesthetic education. Based on Piaget's theory of children's cognitive development and Gardner's theory of the stages of art perception development, the image narrative of original calligraphy picture books was analyzed from the aspects of image, color and composition, and the design strategies of original calligraphy picture books that were in line with children's cognitive development were explored by research methods such as literature research, image analysis and image analysis. The design strategy is proposed from the five dimensions of image, color, composition, subject matter and aesthetics. Picture book designers should focus on the creation of original calligraphy picture books and promote their rapid development. At the same time, they should fit in with the aesthetic needs of children in the cognitive development stage, cultivate children's aesthetic cognition and imagination ability, and promote the inheritance and development of Chinese calligraphy art from the perspective of picture book design.