Effect of Driving Age on the Design of Multimodal Hazard Warning Signals

YANG Zhonglai

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.14.010

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (14) : 98-105. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.14.010

Industrial Design

Effect of Driving Age on the Design of Multimodal Hazard Warning Signals

YANG Zhonglai

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Abstract

The work aims to investigate the effect of the design of multimodal hazard warning signals on the driving performance of drivers of different driving ages. Driving experiments were carried out with a hazardous road simulator. 21 licensed drivers were selected as subjects and divided into novice group and skilled group according to their driving ages. In the experiment, three sets of multimodal warning signals (visual + tactile, visual + auditory, and visual + auditory + tactile) were set up to simulate the scenario. The multiple sources of heterogeneous data from the subjects were collected systematically with the simulator, including objective data such as driving performance, electrocardiogram and eye movement, and subjective questionnaire data such as subjects' perceived stress and visual attention, to comprehensively explore the response characteristics of drivers with different driving ages in various warning signal modes. Driving experience and different combinations of hazard warning signals had a significant effect on the driving data. In the skilled group, the shortest reaction time was found in the visual + tactile warning signal combination. In the novice group, the shortest reaction time was found in the visual + auditory + tactile warning signal combination. Under the same combination of warning signals, the skilled group showed greater psychological pressure and visual load than the novice group, and reacted faster in dealing with dangerous events. The study can provide a scientific theoretical basis for safe driving training and the design of danger warning signals.

Key words

driving experience / multimodal / warning signals / design of hazardous warning signals

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YANG Zhonglai. Effect of Driving Age on the Design of Multimodal Hazard Warning Signals[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(14): 98-105 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.14.010

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