As the need for parent-child travel increases, traditional train carriages face significant shortcomings in supporting such trips, failing to effectively meet the multi-layered needs of children and their parents during the journey. Based on the PERMA model from positive psychology, this study proposed a carriage design concept aimed at enhancing parent-child well-being. Through field observations and in-depth interviews, three types of experience canvases, including the positive, the negative, and the expected, were constructed, and emotional need indicators corresponding to the five dimensions of the PERMA model (Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment) were extracted. Subsequently, through observational methods and case analysis, design factors influencing parent-child happiness experiences were identified, and the KANO model was used to determine their attributes and priorities. A "PERMA×KANO" strategy matrix was then developed to achieve an organic integration of emotional needs and functional configurations. Positive emotion and relationships were found to be the key dimensions affecting parent-child happiness experiences. Design in children's audiovisual areas, reading spaces, and family compartments were generally regarded as expected by users. At the same time, certain attractive design factors aimed at infants showed considerable potential in enhancing emotional value and user satisfaction. In conclusion, this study provides a theoretical foundation and a methodological approach for designing parent-child friendly train carriages, and offers practical insights for creating more human-centered and child-friendly public transportation environments.
Key words
parent-child carriage /
PERMA model /
KANO model /
design factor priority
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