User Adoption Influencing Factors and Interface Design of AR Ski Goggles Based on S-O-R Theory

LU Ning; LIU Jialing; YUE Ziyu

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.02.051

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Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2) : 523-535. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.02.051

Design Intelligent Innovation · Cross-scenario Innovation of Intelligent Design

User Adoption Influencing Factors and Interface Design of AR Ski Goggles Based on S-O-R Theory

LU Ning, LIU Jialing^*, YUE Ziyu

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Abstract

To address the insufficient understanding of user adoption psychology and the lack of empirical evidence for design strategies in smart wearable products such as AR ski goggles, the work aims to systematically reveal the user adoption mechanism of AR ski goggles based on the "Stimulus-Organism-Response" (S-O-R) theoretical framework, and transform key psychological pathways into actionable interface design strategies. A theoretical model integrating external stimuli (S) (achievement exploration, social connection, and safety perception), organism variables (O) (perceived value and sensation seeking), and behavioral response (R) (adoption intention) was constructed. Questionnaire surveys and structural equation modeling (SEM) were employed to test the pathways, analyze the mediating role of perceived value and the moderating role of sensation seeking. Based on these findings, design strategies were proposed, and an interface information architecture and visual specification system conforming to AR visual ergonomics was developed to guide the design. Achievement exploration exerted the strongest direct effect on adoption intention, followed by social connection, while safety perception indirectly influenced adoption intention through the complete mediation of perceived value. Sensation seeking significantly and positively moderated the impact of perceived value on adoption intention, demonstrating stronger explanatory power for high sensation seekers. The interface design scheme based on the above findings received high ratings in usability testing, with safety perception receiving the highest score. High sensation seeking users rated achievement exploration features significantly higher than low sensation seeking users. This study establishes a complete design loop from "mechanism insight—strategy formulation—scheme design—effect validation," reveals the psychological driving logic and differentiation effects of AR ski goggles user adoption, and forms an AR interface design strategy system and implementation pathway for high-risk sports scenarios, providing theoretical basis and design methodology support for user-oriented innovation of AR ski goggles and similar smart products.

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S-O-R theory / AR ski goggles / user adoption intention / interface design strategy

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LU Ning, LIU Jialing, YUE Ziyu. User Adoption Influencing Factors and Interface Design of AR Ski Goggles Based on S-O-R Theory[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(2): 523-535 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.02.051

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