Application-oriented Design of Mortise-and-tenon Structure in Modular Smart Building Blocks for Older Adults

LI Yichen; ZHANG Linmei; CUI Wanlu

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.12.053

PDF(3882 KB)

Packaging Engineering ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (12) : 613-622. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.12.053

Design Intelligent Innovation: Smart Life: Digital Empowerment · Innovative Practice of Elderly-friendly Living Products

Application-oriented Design of Mortise-and-tenon Structure in Modular Smart Building Blocks for Older Adults

LI Yichen¹, ZHANG Linmei^2,*, CUI Wanlu³

Author information +

History +

Abstract

The work aims to explore application-oriented design methods for incorporating mortise-and-tenon structures into modular smart building blocks, grounded in the physiological functional characteristics and psycho-emotional needs of older adults. This study reviewed the current design status of modular smart building blocks in relation to older users. On the basis of analyzing the basic types, mechanical performance, and cultural connotations of mortise-and-tenon structures, it evaluated their compatibility with the operational habits of older adults and proposed three implementation pathways: basic connection, intelligent transmission, and assisted interaction. In addition, 30 repeated mechanical tests were conducted on the improved mortise-and-tenon structures, and a satisfaction questionnaire survey was carried out with 132 older users as the sample. Results showed that the optimized mortise-and-tenon structures effectively reduced operational difficulty for older adults. At the same time, they enhanced guidance through clear and intuitive multimodal feedback, thereby improving product usability and cognitive friendliness. In conclusion, this study provides a reference for the innovative application of traditional mortise-and-tenon structures in modern product design and offers new insights for the design of smart products for older adults.

Key words

mortise-and-tenon structure / modular smart building blocks / older adults / elderly-oriented design / user experience evaluation

Cite this article

EndNote

Ris (Procite)

Bibtex

Download Citations

LI Yichen, ZHANG Linmei, CUI Wanlu. Application-oriented Design of Mortise-and-tenon Structure in Modular Smart Building Blocks for Older Adults[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(12): 613-622 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.12.053

References

[1] 靳永爱, 胡文波, 冯阳. 数字时代的互联网使用与中老年人生活——中国老年群体数字鸿沟与数字融入调查主要数据结果分析[J]. 人口研究, 2024, 48(1): 40-55.
JIN Y A, HU W B, FENG Y.Internet Use and Quality of Life of Middle-aged and Older Adults in the Digital Era — Analysis of Key Data from a Survey on Digital Divide and Digital Inclusion of the Elderly in China[J]. Population Research, 2024, 48(1): 40-55.
[2] 陈鑫. 互联网使用对老年人社会隔离的影响及差异研究[J]. 当代经济管理, 2020, 42(9): 53-59.
CHEN X.The Impact of Internet Use on Social Isolation among the Elderly and Its Heterogeneity[J]. Contemporary Economic Management, 2020(9): 53-59.
[3] 杨小静. 基于用户特征的适老智能产品设计研究[J]. 包装工程, 2020, 41(6): 123-126.
YANG X J.Research on the Design of Age-Friendly Smart Products Based on User Characteristics[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2020, 41(6): 123-126.
[4] 董占勋, 李亚鸿, 贺星涛, 等. 增强现实技术驱动儿童教育积木产品创新设计流程研究[J]. 装饰, 2024, (4): 133-135.
DONG Z X, LI Y H, HE X T, et al.Research on the Innovative Design Process of Children's Educational Building Block Products Driven by Augmented Reality Technology[J]. Art & Design, 2024(4): 133-135.
[5] 王龙君, 王丹, 徐海莉, 等. 积木拼插游戏在学龄期PICC置管患儿上肢功能锻炼中的应用研究[J]. 中华护理杂志, 2024, 59(8): 947-952.
WANG L J, WANG D, XU H L, et al.Application of Building Block Insertion Games in Upper Limb Functional Exercise for School-age Children with PICC Catheterization[J]. Chinese Journal of Nursing, 2024, 59(8): 947-952.
[6] 高家思, 王濛, 杜渊杰. 基于层进式结构的智能积木搭建与编程系统[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2020, 32(7): 1171-1176.
GAO J S, WANG M, DU Y J.A Progressive Structure-Based Intelligent Building Block Construction and Programming System[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2020, 32(7): 1171-1176.
[7] 李向荣. 基于榫卯结构的亲子互动玩具设计研究[D]. 河北科技大学, 2024.
LI X R.Research on Parent-Child Interactive Toy Design Based on Mortise and Tenon Structure [D]. Hebei University of Science and Technology, 2024.
[8] 王洁. 榫卯结构的创新性研究[J]. 南京艺术学院学报(美术与设计版), 2018, (5): 165-168.
WANG J.Innovative Research on Mortise-and-Tenon Structure[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of the Arts (Fine Arts & Design), 2018, (5): 165-168.
[9] 董华君, 崔晓磊. 结构寻源:中国榫卯结构发展流变的图谱分析与思考[J]. 家具与室内装饰, 2025, 32(8): 108-113.
DONG H J, Cui X L.Seeking the Origin of Structure: Atlas Analysis and Reflections on the Evolution of Chinese Mortise and Tenon Structure[J]. Furniture & Interior Decoration, 2025, 32(8): 108-113.
[10] 刘玉成. 基于榫卯结构的现代建构玩具设计研究[D]. 西南科技大学, 2021.
LIU Y C.Research on Modern Construction Toy Design Based on Mortise and Tenon Structure [D]. Southwest University of Science and Technology, 2021.
[11] 武琪婧. 学前儿童游戏心智模型与建构类玩具设计研究[D]. 河北工业大学, 2022.
WU Q J.Research on Preschool Children's Game Mental Model and Construction Toy Design [D]. Hebei University of Technology, 2022.
[12] 李哲林, 白钰婷, 颜妤倩, 等. 中国老年人的手部尺寸和握力分析[J]. 人类工效学, 2025, 31(2): 39-44.
LI Z L, BAI Y T, YAN Y Q, et al.Analysis of Hand Dimensions and Grip Strength of Older Adults in China[J]. Chinese Journal of Ergonomics, 2025, 31(2): 39-44.
[13] 穆瑶, 杨琳. 可拆装实木榫卯结构在儿童家具上的设计应用[J]. 设计, 2020, 33(6): 152-154.
MU Y, YANG L.Design and Application of Detachable Solid Wood Mortise and Tenon Structure in Children's Furniture[J]. Design, 2020, 33(6): 152-154.
[14] 蔡思敏捷, 胡若曦, 余香怡, 等. 阳台家具模块化设计研究与应用[J]. 林产工业, 2021, 58(2): 57.
CAI S M J, HU R X, YU X Y, et al. Research and Application of Modular Design for Balcony Furniture[J]. China Forest Products Industry, 2021, 58(2): 57.
[15] 旷宇欣, 谢琼梅. 陶瓷包装容器的模块化设计路径研究[J]. 包装工程, 2024, 45(24): 453.
KUANG Y X, XIE Q M.Research on Modular Design Path of Ceramic Packaging Containers[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2024, 45(24): 453.
[16] 马道顺, 巢晗. 基于“智能化未来”背景下人工智能融入产品设计教学改革的融合创新探索[J]. 中国包装, 2025, 45(10): 170.
MA D S, CHAO H.Integration and Innovation Exploration of Artificial Intelligence in Product Design Teaching Reform under the Background of "Intelligent Future"[J]. China Packaging, 2025, 45(10): 170.
[17] 韩建坤. 智能化背景下的助眠产品设计研究综述[J]. 鞋类工艺与设计, 2026, 6(1): 124.
HAN J K.Review of Sleep-Aiding Product Design Research under the Intelligent Background[J]. Shoe Technology and Design, 2026, 6(1): 124.
[18] 李慧君, 吴志军. 面向主动健康需求的烹饪小家电智能化设计策略研究[J]. 艺术与设计(理论), 2026, 2(2): 25.
LI H J, WU Z J.Research on Intelligent Design Strategy of Small Cooking Appliages for Active Health Needs[J]. Art & Design (Theory), 2026, 2(2): 25.
[19] 严鑫, 吴新林. 基于KJ法和KANO模型的老年人购物车设计研究[J]. 包装工程, 2025, 46(14): 299.
YAN X, WU X L.Research on Shopping Cart Design for Older Adults Based on the KJ Method and Kano Model[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2025, 46(14): 299.
[20] 卢晓萌, 孙逊, 张家辉. 基于认知负荷理论的地理复杂情境问题研究[J]. 地理教学, 2026, (6): 48-52.
LU X M, SUN X, ZHANG J H.Research on Geographical Complex Situational Problems Based on Cognitive Load Theory[J]. Geography Teaching, 2026, (6): 48-52.
[21] 刘玲玲. 付焕娜. 马彪. 基于多模态融合的新中式皮革女包设计创新应用[J]. 皮革科学与工程, 2025, 35(2): 94-101.
LIU L L, FU H N, MA B.Innovative application of new Chinese leather women's bag design based on multimodal fusion[J]. Leather Sci Eng, 2025, 35(2): 94-101.