| 侯建军,毛轶超,许莉钧.人工智能背景下设计师能力需求及胜任力模型再建构[J].包装工程,2021,42(24):340-348. |
| 人工智能背景下设计师能力需求及胜任力模型再建构 |
| Requirements Ability of Designers and Reconstruct the Designers Competency Model under the Background of Artificial Intelligence |
| 投稿时间：2021-07-09 |
| DOI：10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2021.24.043 |
| 中文关键词: 人工智能 设计行业 设计师能力 胜任力模型 |
| 英文关键词: artificial intelligence design industry designer ability designer competency model |
| 基金项目:2020年度教育部人文社会科学青年基金项目“人工智能视域下的工业设计教育体系再构建与系统化发展研究”(20YJC760030);江苏高校哲学社会科学研究基金项目(2018SJA0386);南京工程学院教研教改重点课题(JG2019009);南京工程学院优质课程建设项目(YZKC2019067);南京工程学院高等教育研究课题(2020YB26);南京工程学院文化艺术创意设计研究院开放基金项目(CACD202003);南京工程学院课程思政示范课程项目(KCXZ2021037);南京工程学院“课程思政”示范专业建设点项目(SFZY2021P07) |
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| 中文摘要: |
| 目的 随着人工智能技术和设计软件的广泛应用，研究设计师在知识结构和专业能力方面的新需求，并建构人工智能背景下设计师胜任力模型。方法 以文献研究为基础，筛选人工智能背景下设计师胜任力因子，通过专家调研和访谈法获取专家信度，再通过设计师问卷调查和数据分析验证胜任力模型的有效性。结果 设计师除了应具有基本的设计专业技能和设计专业知识以外，还需要具有跨专业整合协调能力，具有跨学科和终生成长的知识结构、人工智能及大数据背景的基础知识，能运用人工智能软件辅助设计信息整理及提高设计流程的能力。同时，更高层次需要设计师能掌握人工智能编程语言，设计数据模型和算法指导机器如何做设计的能力。研究最终分析得出包含4个一级胜任力因子和17个二级胜任力因子的设计师胜任力模型。结论 该胜任力模型的建立明确了设计师在知识、专业能力、创新能力和人工智能技术应用能力方面的新需求，实现了人机能力优缺互补，达到更高效的设计能力水平，同时为高等院校设计人才培养以及设计职业资格评定制度提供了重要的理论支撑。 |
| 英文摘要: |
| This paper aims to study the new requirements for designers’ knowledge structure and professional ability, and reconstruct a model of designers’ competency in the context of the extensive application of artificial intelligence technology and design software.Based on literature research, the competency factors of designers were screened under the background of artificial intelligence, surveys and interviews on experts were conducted to obtain experts’ reliability, and the effectiveness of the competency model was verified through designer questionnaires and data analysis.In addition to the basic professional ability and knowledge of design, designers need to be equipped with inter-disciplinary integration and coordination abilities, an inter-disciplinary knowledge structure of lifelong development, basic knowledge of artificial intelligence and big data, and the ability to use artificial intelligence software-assisted in design information analysis and to improve the design process. Besides, a higher-level requirement is that designers should be able to master artificial intelligence programming languages, so as to design data models and algorithms to guide the machine’s design. Through the final analysis, a competency model involving 4 primary competency factors and 17 secondary competency factors was obtained. The competency model identifies new requirements for designers in terms of knowledge, professional ability, innovation ability and the ability of artificial intelligence technology application, which can help to realize the complementation of the advantages of human and machines, and achieve more efficient design. At the same time, it provides important theoretical support for determining the direction of talents training in colleges and designing professional qualification evaluation system. |
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