目的 使用脑电技术比较蒙、汉用户对手机界面图标色彩的隐喻机制，为面向民族用户包容性设计提供认知研究参考。方法 采用行为学实验和高时间分辨率的事件相关电位技术的配属刺激范式，以CIE色度坐标为依据，记录蒙、汉用户对界面图标色彩的大脑加工过程，分析色彩隐喻配属的最高匹配结果、平均反应时和P300波幅。结果 行为实验和脑电研究表明，蒙汉双语用户配属最多组合为蓝-蓝天、红-革命、紫-茄子、绿-草原、黑-凶狠、白-圣洁，汉语用户配属最多组合为蓝-永恒、红-喜庆、紫-高贵、绿-树木、黑-肃穆、白-圣洁，配属频数越高，其平均反应时越快，两民族用户配属色彩语义P300平均波幅均存在差异(P＜0.01)，且波幅高低与行为实验呈正相关。结论 蒙、汉用户识别图标色彩信息的隐喻机制不同，因此图标设计必须考虑不同用户群体的认知经验。

The work aims to compare the metaphor mechanisms of Mongolian and Chinese users to the color of mobile phone interface icons with EEG technology, to provide a reference for the cognitive research of inclusive design for ethnic users. Based on CIE chromaticity coordinates, the brain processing of Mongolian and Chinese users on interface icon color was recorded through the matching stimulus paradigm with behavioral experiment and high time resolution event-related potential technology, and the highest matching result, average response time and P300 amplitude of color metaphor matching were analyzed. Behavioral experiments and EEG studies showed that the most common combinations of Mongolian and Chinese bilingual users were blue-blue sky, red-revolutionary, purple-eggplant, green-grassland, black- fierce, white-holy, while the most common combinations of Chinese users were blue-eternal, red-happy, purple-noble, green-trees and black-solemn, white-holy. The higher the frequency of matching, the faster the average response time. The average amplitude of the color semantic P300 of the two ethnic users was different (P < 0.01), and the amplitude was positively correlated with the behavioral experiment. Mongolian and Chinese users have different metaphor mechanisms for recognizing icon color information, so icon design must consider the cognitive experience of different user groups.