目的 解决现有护理床产品定位偏向医院等使用场景,无法满足行动不便的老年用户多元化情感需求,提出基于KANO模型、层次分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP）和决策实验室分析法（Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory,DEMATEL）相结合的方法,指导居家护理床产品设计。方法 以居家养老的行动不便老人为研究对象,基于情感化设计理论分析并调研用户需求,从本能层、行为层、反思层表述产品设计指标。采用KANO模型确定设计指标对应的需求属性,利用AHP方法获取设计指标相对权重,利用DEMATEL方法聚合专家意见,探究设计指标因果关系并输出指标综合权重。结合指标综合权重及其对应的需求属性,输出居家护理床方案,运用逼近理想解排序法（Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution, TOPSIS）评估和优化设计方案。结果及结论 构建了情感化研究模型,以本能感知和安全体验为基础,以情感慰藉为核心,有效解决老人需求下的设计问题,提出居家护理床多功能、多形态的智能解决方案,为其他老龄群体产品设计提供了思路。
Abstract
To address the current positioning of nursing bed products, which are primarily oriented towards hospital use and fail to meet the diverse emotional needs of elderly users with limited mobility, the work aims to propose a method that integrates the KANO model, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) to guide the design of home nursing beds. Firstly, by focusing on elderly users with limited mobility in home care settings, the user needs were analyzed and investigated based on emotional design theory, expressing product design criteria across the visceral, behavioral, and reflective levels. Then, the KANO model was used to determine the need attributes corresponding to the design criteria. AHP was employed to obtain the relative weights of the design criteria. DEMATEL was utilized to aggregate expert opinions, explore the causal relationships among the design criteria, and output comprehensive criterion weights. Finally, by combining these comprehensive weights with their respective need attributes, a home nursing bed design scheme was developed. The Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS) was then used to evaluate and optimize the design scheme. In conclusion, an emotional research model is constructed and based on instinctive perception and safety experience and with emotional comfort as the core, the model effectively solves the design problems under the needs of the elderly, and a multi-functional and multi-form intelligent scheme is proposed for home nursing beds, providing ideas for other product design for elderly groups.
关键词
护理床 /
情感化设计 /
KANO模型 /
AHP /
DEMATEL
Key words
nursing beds /
emotional design /
KANO model /
AHP /
DEMATEL
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