列车驾驶舱设计中的人因问题：挑战、进展和展望

方卫宁; 王坤; 胡胜建; 方程乐

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.16.002

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包装工程（设计栏目） ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (16) : 15-32. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.16.002

专题:数智交通系统创新

列车驾驶舱设计中的人因问题：挑战、进展和展望

方卫宁^a,b, 王坤^a,c*, 胡胜建^a,c, 方程乐^a,b

作者信息 +

Human Factors in Train Cockpit Design: Challenges, Progress, and Prospects

FANG Weining^a,b, WANG Kun^a,c,*, HU Shengjian^a,c, FANG Chengle^a,b

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的随着铁路智能化水平的不断提升,列车驾驶舱作为人机交互的关键节点,面临着日益复杂的人因设计挑战。现有研究主要集中在界面布局、信息显示、操作负荷控制等局部问题,缺乏对驾驶舱人因设计的整体性和系统性认识。因此,有必要构建系统性的驾驶舱人因设计研究框架,深入探讨当前的研究趋势与关键技术。方法采用系统化的文献聚类与主题分析方法,对相关领域的研究文献进行全面梳理和分析。结果从个体生理、物理环境、认知交互和系统协同4个层面构建了驾驶舱人因设计的研究框架,系统梳理了各层面的理论基础、关键技术及其典型应用场景。结论基于所构建的研究框架,识别出当前驾驶舱人因设计存在的主要问题,包括疲劳监测技术的局限性、物理环境控制的不足、认知交互的复杂性,以及系统协同的智能化程度偏低等。在此基础上,提出未来发展应聚焦于智能化升级、人性化优化和极端环境适应性提升3个主要方向,为相关研究和工程实践提供理论指导和技术路径。

Abstract

With the continuous improvement of railway intelligence levels, train cockpits, as key nodes of human-machine interaction, face increasingly complex human factors design challenges. Existing research mainly focuses on local issues such as interface layout, information display, and workload control, lacking a holistic and systematic understanding of cockpit human factors design. Therefore, it is necessary to construct a systematic research framework for cockpit human factors design and deeply explore current research trends and key technologies. In this paper, systematic literature clustering and thematic analysis methods were adopted to comprehensively review and analyze research literature in related fields. A research framework for cockpit human factors design was constructed from four levels: individual physiology, physical environment, cognitive interaction, and system coordination, systematically reviewing the theoretical foundations, key technologies, and typical application scenarios at each level. Based on the constructed research framework, main problems in current cockpit human factors design are identified, including limitations of fatigue monitoring technology, inadequate physical environment control, complexity of cognitive interaction, and low intelligence level of system coordination. On this basis, it is proposed that future development should focus on three main directions: intelligent upgrading, humanized optimization, and enhanced adaptability to extreme environments, providing theoretical guidance and technical pathways for related research and engineering practice.

导出引用

方卫宁, 王坤, 胡胜建, 方程乐. 列车驾驶舱设计中的人因问题：挑战、进展和展望[J]. 包装工程（设计栏目）. 2025, 46(16): 15-32 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.16.002

FANG Weining, WANG Kun, HU Shengjian, FANG Chengle. Human Factors in Train Cockpit Design: Challenges, Progress, and Prospects[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2025, 46(16): 15-32 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2025.16.002

中图分类号： TB482 R857.14

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