目的 针对重大公共卫生突发事件背景下传统救护车在快速响应、医疗场景切换与安全防控等方面存在的突出问题,提出并设计一种高效、灵活且实用的模块化救护车方案,以显著提升应急医疗装备的部署效率和救治能力。方法 采用KANO-AHP-FCE混合分析模型,从用户真实需求出发,通过KANO模型完成救护车功能需求的属性分类;利用层次分析法（AHP）确定各需求指标的权重优先级;在此基础上展开模块化救护车的方案设计,最终借助模糊综合评价法（FCE）对设计方案进行系统评估与优化。结果 设计出的模块化救护车具备单舱模块化快速分离与拼接功能,通过创新的快速对接装置与对接通道系统,实现了医疗舱与方舱医院之间的高效、安全连接。医疗舱内装备了功能完善的医疗核心模块、环境控制模块及人机交互系统,可有效应对不同医疗救援情景。模糊综合评价结果显示,专家对设计方案的综合满意度评分显示设计方案达到满意水平。结论 所提出的模块化救护车方案能够有效解决突发公共卫生事件中的快速部署与医疗救治难题,具有显著的实践应用潜力。本研究的KANO-AHP-FCE混合分析模型也为模块化医疗装备的需求分析与方案评估提供了有效方法支撑和理论参考。
Abstract
The work aims to propose and design an efficient, flexible and practical modular ambulance solution for the outstanding problems of traditional ambulances in rapid response, medical scene switching and safety prevention and control in the context of major public health emergencies, in order to significantly improve the deployment efficiency and treatment capability of emergency medical equipment. The KANO-AHP-FCE hybrid analysis model was used to classify the functional requirements of the ambulance from the user's real needs, determine the weighting priority of each requirement index by the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP), and then develop the modular ambulance design on this basis, and then evaluate and optimize the design with the help of Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE). The finally designed modular ambulance was equipped with the function of rapid separation and splicing of single-compartment modularity, and through the innovative rapid docking device and docking channel system, it realized the efficient and safe connection between the medical module and the hospital in the square compartment. The medical module was equipped with well-functioning medical core module, environment control module and human-machine interaction system, which can effectively respond to different medical rescue scenarios. The results of the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation showed that the experts' comprehensive satisfaction scores of the design solution indicate that the design solution reaches a satisfactory level. In conclusion, the proposed modular ambulance solution can effectively solve the rapid deployment and medical rescue challenges in public health emergencies, and has significant potential for practical application. The KANO-AHP-FCE hybrid analysis model in this study also provides effective methodological support and theoretical reference for the demand analysis and solution evaluation of modular medical equipment.
关键词
模块化救护车 /
KANO模型 /
层次分析法（AHP） /
模糊综合评价法（FCE）法 /
用户需求驱动 /
医疗装备设计
Key words
modular ambulance /
KANO model /
Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) /
Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) method /
user needs driven /
medical equipment design
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基金
湖北省高等校优秀中青年科技创新团队计划项目（T2022025e）
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