目的 为了优化公用儿童餐椅设计,提升用户就餐体验,通过集成层次分析法（Analytic Hierarchy Process,AHP）-质量功能展开（Quality Function Deployment,QFD）-发明问题解决理论（Theory of Inventive Problem Solving,TRIZ）-模糊综合评价（Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation,FCE）应用于公用儿童餐椅设计中,以指导完成公用儿童餐椅的创新设计。方法 首先,基于用户访谈收集用户需求并构建用户需求层次模型。其次,借助AHP求解用户需求权重,再运用QFD将用户需求映射为公用儿童餐椅设计要求,识别出重点设计要求及存在的矛盾冲突。在此基础上引入TRIZ理论,将矛盾冲突转化为对应的工程参数并运用阿奇舒勒矛盾矩阵表和40项发明原理寻求解域,为设计提供明确而具体的解决方向,指导完成公用儿童餐椅的方案设计。最后,运用FCE对设计方案进行评价,验证设计方案的合理性和有效性。结论 集成AHP-QFD-TRIZ-FCE理论可有效帮助设计人员完成用户需求向设计要求的转化,识别出设计方案构思与实现过程中的重点和难点并探寻出有效的解决途径,进而实现公用儿童餐椅的创新设计与方案验证评价,为公用儿童餐椅的创新设计提供了一条途径。
Abstract
In order to optimize the design of public children's dining chairs and enhance the dining experience for users, the work aims to apply Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) - Quality Function Deployment (QFD) - Theory of Innovative Problem Solving (TRIZ) - Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation (FCE) to the design of public children's dining chairs to guide the innovative design. Firstly, based on user interviews, user needs were collected and a hierarchical model of user needs was constructed. Then, AHP was used to solve the weight of user needs. QFD was subsequently adopted to map user needs into design requirements for public children's dining chairs, identifying key design requirements and existing conflicts. On this basis, TRIZ theory was introduced to transform conflicts into corresponding engineering parameters. The ArchiSchuler contradiction matrix table and 40 invention principles were employed to seek a solution domain, providing clear and specific directions for the design and guiding the completion of the scheme design for public children's dining chairs. Finally, FCE was utilized to evaluate the design scheme and verify its rationality and effectiveness. The integration of AHP-QFD-TRIZ-FCE theory can effectively help designers transform user needs into design requirements, identify the key and difficult points in the design scheme conception and implementation process, and explore effective solutions, thereby achieving innovative design and scheme verification evaluation of public children's dining chairs and providing a way for innovative design of public children's dining chairs.
关键词
公用儿童餐椅 /
AHP /
QFD /
TRIZ /
FCE /
就餐体验
Key words
public children's dining chairs /
AHP /
QFD /
TRIZ /
FCE /
dining experience
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基金
教育部人文社会科学研究项目（17YJA760078）; 教育部人文社会科学研究项目（18YJCZH272）; 2022年度江苏高校哲学社会科学研究一般项目（2022SJYB1044）
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