多任务情境下指挥信息系统直感交互设计研究

颜羽鹏; 姜可

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.005

PDF(1641 KB)

包装工程（设计栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4) : 53-64. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.005

工业设计

多任务情境下指挥信息系统直感交互设计研究

颜羽鹏, 姜可^*

作者信息 +

Intuitive Interaction Design of the Command Information System in the Multi-task Context

YAN Yupeng, JIANG Ke^*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的指挥信息系统中,车载小空间多任务情境下界面设计是当前学界面临的挑战,为提高指挥员的操作绩效,应用直感交互设计原理进行布局优化。方法从指挥信息系统概念和多任务决策需求出发,应用运筹优化与遗传粒子群结合的混合智能算法求解系统最优布局;优化方案的评价采用眼动测试法;优化方案的合理性和有效性通过组合权重法得到验证。结果多任务增加了指挥人员情报研判并做出准确决策的难度,直感交互设计促进了人和指挥信息系统的精准合作。结论指挥信息系统中,车载小空间多任务情境下界面设计是当前学界面临的挑战。直感交互设计方法以交互元素的重要度和隐喻度计算为着力点,兼顾布局信息的均衡性、协调性和相容性,降低了任务复杂度和认知负荷,提高指挥决策效能,对未来指挥信息系统和直感交互设计的发展和研究具有借鉴意义。

Abstract

In command information systems, the interface design in vehicle-mounted small-space multi-task contexts presents a current academic challenge. In order to improve the operation performance of commanders, the work aims to apply the principle of intuitive interaction design to optimize the layout. Starting from the concept of command information system and the requirements of multi-task decision-making, the hybrid intelligence algorithm combining operation research optimization and genetic particle swarm was applied to solve the optimal layout of the system. The evaluation of the optimization scheme adopted eye movement test method, and the rationality and effectiveness of the optimization scheme were verified by the combined weight method. As a result, multiple tasks increased the difficulty of commanders' intelligence research and judgment and accurate decision-making, and direct interaction design promoted accurate cooperation between people and command information systems. In the command information system, the interface design in the multi-task context in the small space of the vehicle is a challenge currently faced by the academic community. The direct interaction design method focuses on the calculation of the importance and metaphor of the interaction elements, takes into account the balance, coordination and compatibility of the layout information, reduces the task complexity and cognitive load, and improves the efficiency of command decision-making. It has reference significance for the development and research of future command information systems and direct interaction design.

导出引用1

颜羽鹏, 姜可. 多任务情境下指挥信息系统直感交互设计研究[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(4): 53-64 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.005

YAN Yupeng, JIANG Ke. Intuitive Interaction Design of the Command Information System in the Multi-task Context[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 53-64 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.005

中图分类号： TB472 E955

参考文献

[1] 张小龙, 吕菲, 程时伟. 智能时代的人机交互范式[J]. 中国科学(信息科学), 2018, 48(4): 406-418.
ZHANG X L, LYU F, CHENG S W.Interaction Paradigm in Intelligent Systems[J]. Science in China (Information Sciences), 2018, 48(4): 406-418.
[2] MALEWSKA K.The Profile of an Intuitive Decision Maker and the Use of Intuition in Decision-Making Practice[J]. Management, 2018, 22(1): 31-44.
[3] HURTIENNE J, KLOCKNER K, DIEFENBACH S, et al.Designing with Image Schemas: Resolving the Tension between Innovation, Inclusion and Intuitive Use[J]. Interacting with Computers, 2015, 27(3): 235-255.
[4] LÖFFLER D, TSCHARN R, HURTIENNE J. Multimodal Effects of Color and Haptics on Intuitive Interaction with Tangible User Interfaces[C]// Proceedings of the Twelfth International Conference on Tangible, Embedded, and Embodied Interaction. Stockholm: ACM, 2018: 647-655.
[5] 闪淳昌. 提升新时代我国应急管理水平[J]. 社会治理, 2018(5): 11-15.
SHAN C C.Improve the Level of Emergency Management in Our Country[J]. Social Governance Review, 2018(5): 11-15.
[6] ROSS K, KLEIN G, THUNHOLM P, et al.The Recognition-Primed Decision Model[J]. Military Review, 2004, 84(4): 337-363.
[7] RASMUSSEN J.On the Structure of Knowledge-A Morphology of Mental Models in the Man-Machine Context[R]. RISO National Laboratory.Denmark: RISO-M2192,1979.
[8] 叶坤武, 包涵, 魏思东. 基于视觉注意力分配的飞机驾驶舱人机界面布局优化[J]. 南京航空航天大学学报, 2018, 50(3): 416-421.
YE K W, BAO H, WEI S D.Layout Optimization for Aircraft Cockpit Man-Machine Interface Based on Visual Attention Distribution[J]. Journal of Nanjing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics, 2018, 50(3): 416-421.
[9] 梁永强, 李培林, 王崴, 等. GUI中图标利用率与易搜索率匹配设计方法[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2018, 30(1): 155-162.
LIANG Y Q, LI P L, WANG W, et al.Design Method of Matching Icon Utilization and Easy Search Rate in GUI[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2018, 30(1): 155-162.
[10] 李晶, 郁舒兰, 刘玮. 基于眼动追踪的数控界面布局认知特性评价[J]. 计算机辅助设计与图形学学报, 2017, 29(7): 1334-1342.
LI J, YU S L, LIU W.Cognitive Characteristic Evaluation of CNC Interface Layout Based on Eye-Tracking[J]. Journal of Computer-Aided Design & Computer Graphics, 2017, 29(7): 1334-1342.
[11] 邓丽, 王国华, 余隋怀. 遗传-蚁群算法求解司钻控制室操纵器布局优化[J]. 工程设计学报, 2016, 23(2): 143-151.
DENG L, WANG G H, YU S H.Genetic-Ant Colony Algorithm to Solve Layout Optimization of Manipulators of Driller Control Room[J]. Chinese Journal of Engineering Design, 2016, 23(2): 143-151.
[12] 颜声远, 陈玉, 梁龙远. 基于模拟退火算法的操纵器排列优化[J]. 核动力工程, 2014, 35(S1): 67-70.
YAN S Y, CHEN Y, LIANG L Y.Optimization of Controls Layout Based on Simulated Annealing Algorithm[J]. Nuclear Power Engineering, 2014, 35(S1): 67-70.
[13] 范文, 余隋怀, 王文军, 等. 蚁群算法求解人机布局优化问题[J]. 机械科学与技术, 2013, 32(7): 955-962.
FAN W, YU S H, WANG W J, et al.Ant Colony Algorithm for Human-Machine Layout Optimization[J]. Mechanical Science and Technology for Aerospace Engineering, 2013, 32(7): 955-962.
[14] 范晓丽, 周前祥, 柳忠起, 等. 基于视觉搜索的飞机显示界面设计原则[J]. 北京航空航天大学学报, 2015, 41(2): 216-221.
FAN X L, ZHOU Q X, LIU Z Q, et al.Principle of Plane Display Interface Design Based on Visual Search[J]. Journal of Beijing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2015, 41(2): 216-221.
[15] HO Y C, KASTNER, M P.Algorithms for Network Optimization and Their Applications to Pipeline Systems[J]. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 1974, 4(2): 172-180.
[16] SMITH J M, MACLEOD R A.Combinatorial optimization in facility layout problems: Complexity and heuristics[J]. Operations Research, 1989, 37(3): 447-460.
[17] BENGIO Y, LODI A, PROUVOST A.Machine Learning for Combinatorial Optimization: A Methodological Tour d'horizon[J]. European Journal of Operational Research, 2021, 290(2): 405-421.
[18] ZHANG Y, LIU X, WANG J.Auto-UI: Automated User Interface Design[C]// Proceedings of the CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Washington, DC: ACM, 2023.
[19] KULTUREL-KONAK S, KONAK A.A New Relaxed Flexible Bay Structure Representation and Particle Swarm Optimization for the Unequal Area Facility Layout Problem[J]. Engineering Optimization, 2011, 43(12): 1263-1287.
[20] 宋海靖, 郭毓文. 歼击机座舱人机界面良好性综合评价方法及应用研究[J]. 航空科学技术, 2017, 28(5): 28-32.
SONG H J, GUO Y W.Study on Methods and Application of Human-Computer Interface Ergonomics Evaluation for Fighter Cockpit[J]. Aeronautical Science & Technology, 2017, 28(5): 28-32.
[21] 田胜, 赵立营, 李维. 基于多模态的雷达显控VR人机交互技术研究[J]. 现代雷达, 2022, 44(7): 56-60.
TIAN S, ZHAO L Y, LI W.A Study on VR Human-Computer Interaction Technology of Radar Display and Control Based on Multi-Modal[J]. Modern Radar, 2022, 44(7): 56-60.
[22] 杨阳, 汪海涛, 姜瑛, 等. 基于模糊层次分析法的软件质量评价模型的研究[J]. 计算机与数字工程, 2017, 45(4): 620-623.
YANG Y, WANG H T, JIANG Y, et al.Software Quality Evaluation Model Based on Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process[J]. Computer and Digital Engineering, 2017, 45(4): 620-623.
[23] 吴丹, 梁少博, 董晶. 查询式序列视角下跨设备搜索信息准备与重用阶段的眼动变化研究[J]. 情报学报, 2019, 38(7): 760-770.
WU D, LIANG S B, DONG J.Change of Gaze Behavior in Information Preparation and Resumption of Cross-Device Search Based on Query Lists[J]. Journal of the China Society for Scientific and Technical Information, 2019, 38(7): 760-770.
[24] 赵佳宝, 张丙辰, 韦懿洋, 等. 基于视觉刺激的ASD儿童干预图卡角色设计研究[J]. 包装工程, 2023, 44(2): 256-268.
ZHAO J B, ZHANG B C, WEI Y Y, et al.Role Design of Intervention Picture Card for ASD Children Based on Visual Stimulation[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2023, 44(2): 256-268.
[25] GOLDBERG J H, STIMSON M J, LEWENSTEIN M, et al.Eye Tracking in Web Search Tasks: Design Implications[C]//Proceedings of the Symposium on Eye Tracking Research & Applications - ETRA '02. New Orleans, Louisiana. ACM, 2002: 51.
[26] POOLE A, BALL L J.Eye Tracking in HCI and Usability Research[J]. Encyclopedia of Human Computer Interaction, 2006: 211-219.
[27] GOLDBERG J H, KOTVAL X P.Computer Interface Evaluation Using Eye Movements: Methods and Constructs[J]. International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics, 1999, 24(6): 631-645.
[28] CHEN Y, YAN S Y, TRAN C C.Comprehensive Evaluation Method for User Interface Design in Nuclear Power Plant Based on Mental Workload[J]. Nuclear Engineering and Technology, 2019, 51(2): 453-462.
[29] 陈晓皎, 薛澄岐, 陈默, 等. 基于眼动追踪实验的数字界面质量评估模型[J]. 东南大学学报(自然科学版), 2017, 47(1): 38-42.
CHEN X J, XUE C Q, CHEN M, et al.Quality Assessment Model of Digital Interface Based on Eye-Tracking Experiments[J]. Journal of Southeast University (Natural Science Edition), 2017, 47(1): 38-42.
[30] 顾芮冰, 张丙辰, 张仁杰, 等. 基于AHP层次分析法的儿童电子绘本角色面孔绘图方式研究[J]. 包装工程, 2022, 43(10): 221-231.
GU R B, ZHANG B C, ZHANG R J, et al.Role Face Drawing Methods of Children's Electronic Picture Books Based on AHP Nalytic Hierarchy Process[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2022, 43(10): 221-231.
[31] 尤洋, 王以宁, 张海. 智慧课堂环境下教学视频复杂度与学习者认知负荷关系研究[J]. 现代远距离教育, 2020(2): 91-96.
YOU Y, WANG Y N, ZHANG H.Research on the Relationship between the Complexity of Teaching Video and Learners' Cognitive Load in Intelligent Classroom Environment[J]. Modern Distance Education, 2020(2): 91-96.
[32] CHEN S Y, EPPS J.Using Task-Induced Pupil Diameter and Blink Rate to Infer Cognitive Load[J]. Human-Computer Interaction, 2014, 29(4): 390-413.
[33] 薛耀锋, 李卓玮. 基于眼动追踪技术的在线学习认知负荷量化模型研究[J]. 现代教育技术, 2019, 29(7): 59-65.
XUE Y F, LI Z W.Research on Online Learning Cognitive Load Quantitative Model Based on Eye Tracking Technology[J]. Modern Educational Technology, 2019, 29(7): 59-65.
[34] JOSEPH A W, MURUGESH R.Potential Eye Tracking Metrics and Indicators to Measure Cognitive Load in Human-Computer Interaction Research[J]. Journal of Scientific Research, 2020, 64(1): 168-175.