目的 从“技术导向”转向“观众导向”,从观众需求出发,深入探究历史类博物馆数智展陈设计如何影响观众文化记忆的构建和体验。方法 采用定性和定量相结合的混合研究方法,首先采用扎根理论对访谈文本进行三级编码,构建数智技术对博物馆观众文化记忆体验影响因素理论分析框架,后续又通过结构方程模型进行多维数据的分析与论证。结果 通过编码得出3个核心范畴和6个主范畴,并经过检验发现,在数智技术赋能历史类博物馆的背景下,个体差异、呈现形式、情感链接、感知有用性、感知易用性和文化认同能够影响观众的文化记忆体验。结论 挖掘了各变量背后深层次的影响机制与作用关系,检验出数智技术赋能下影响博物馆观众文化记忆体验的6个因素,并从关注分众化认知需求、构建虚实共生体验感、优化展陈叙事化结构、提升系统性技术支持4个方面提出了可行性建议,为历史类博物馆的数字化转型和文化遗产的活态传承提供了理论与实证参考。
Abstract
The work aims to shift from a "technology-oriented" approach to a "visitor-oriented" approach, to explore how the design of digital and intelligent exhibitions in history museums influences the construction and experience of cultural memory from the perspective of visitor needs. A mixed methodology combining both qualitative and quantitative approaches was adopted. Firstly, the grounded theory was used to conduct three levels of coding on interview texts and a theoretical analysis framework was established for the factors influencing the cultural memory experience of museum visitors through digital and intelligent technologies. Subsequently, structural equation model was employed for the analysis and verification of multidimensional data. Through coding, three core categories and six main categories were identified. After testing, the findings showed that in the context of empowering history museums with digital and intelligent technologies, factors such as individual differences, presentation formats, emotional connections, perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and cultural identity all influenced the cultural memory experience of visitors. The study uncovers the deeper mechanisms and relationships behind each variable and verifies six factors that influence the cultural memory experience of museum visitors under the empowerment of digital and intelligent technologies. It also offers feasible suggestions from four aspects: addressing differentiated cognitive needs, constructing a mixed-reality experience, optimizing exhibition narrative structure, and enhancing systematic technological support. This provides both theoretical and empirical references for the digital transformation of museums and the dynamic inheritance of cultural heritage.
关键词
数智技术 /
博物馆观众 /
文化记忆体验 /
扎根理论 /
结构方程模型
Key words
digital and intelligent technologies /
museum visitors /
cultural memory experience /
grounded theory /
structural equation model
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基金
河北省教育厅高等学校人文社会科学研究项目-青年拔尖人才项目（BJS2024013）
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