基于FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS模型的汽车客运站候车座椅设计与评价

和华雪; 章梦奇

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.024

PDF(3028 KB)

包装工程（设计栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (4) : 279-290. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.024

工业设计

基于FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS模型的汽车客运站候车座椅设计与评价

和华雪^1,*, 章梦奇²

作者信息 +

Design and Evaluation of bus passenger station Waiting Seats Based on FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS Model

HE Huaxue^1,*, ZHANG Mengqi²

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的为提升产品设计的科学性,提出了基于FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS的综合模型,应用于汽车客运站候车座椅的设计与评价。方法首先通过用户访谈以及KJ法获取原始设计需求池,经由FKM对设计需求进行类别属性划分;然后基于AHP和EWM求解出各项设计需求主客观组合权重,在此基础上引入权重融合函数将用户满意度意见融入设计需求最终权重的求解过程中,以融合多方诉求指导方案设计;最后运用TOPSIS对三款汽车客运站候车座椅设计方案与一款现有座椅进行排序,识别出最佳方案。结论将FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS模型应用于汽车客运站候车座椅设计分析中,不仅能有效设计出符合用户期望的候车座椅,满足用户的多重需求,还能从众多设计方案中识别出最佳方案,为设计人员在客运站候车座椅设计过程中提供决策依据,同时融合主客观多维数据的分析方法使得权重的确定过程更加合理,更能检验设计方案的针对性与有效性。

Abstract

The work aims to propose a comprehensive model based on FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS and apply it to the design and evaluation of waiting seats in bus passenger stations to improve the scientificity of product design. Firstly, the original design demand pool was obtained through user interviews and KJ method, and the design demands were classified by category attributes through FKM. Then, the subjective and objective combination weights of each design demand were calculated based on AHP and EWM. On this basis, the weight fusion function was introduced to integrate the user satisfaction opinions into the final weight of design demands, so as to integrate multiple demands to guide the scheme design. Finally, TOPSIS was used to rank the design schemes of three waiting seats and one existing seat in bus passenger stations, and identify the best scheme. The application of the FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS model to the design and analysis of waiting seats in bus passenger stations can not only effectively design waiting seats that meet users' needs and expectations, meet users' multiple demands, but also identify the best scheme from many design schemes, providing decision-making basis for designers in the design process of waiting seats in bus passenger stations. At the same time, the analysis method of integrating subjective and objective multidimensional data makes the determination process of weight more reasonable, and can better test the pertinence and effectiveness of the design scheme.

导出引用1

和华雪, 章梦奇. 基于FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS模型的汽车客运站候车座椅设计与评价[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(4): 279-290 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.024

HE Huaxue, ZHANG Mengqi. Design and Evaluation of bus passenger station Waiting Seats Based on FKM-AHP-EWM-TOPSIS Model[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(4): 279-290 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.04.024

中图分类号： TB472

参考文献

[1] 肖子涵, 耿秀丽. 基于拓展TOPSIS的风险型产品服务系统设计方案选择方法[J]. 机械设计与研究, 2017, 33(1): 87-91.
XIAO Z H, GENG X L.Risky Product Service System Design Concept Selection Based on Extended TOPSIS Approach[J]. Machine Design and Research, 2017, 33(1): 87-91.
[2] 付雅琪, 赵琳, 赵项, 等. 基于模糊Kano-TOPSIS的适老化城市公交车站设计研究[J]. 家具与室内装饰, 2024, 31(8): 132-138.
FU Y Q, ZHAO L, ZHAO X, et al.Research on the Design of Age-Friendly Urban Bus Stops Based on Fuzzy Kano-TOPSIS[J]. Furniture & Interior Design, 2024, 31(8): 132-138.
[3] 周鹏飞, 张思颖, 苗艳凤. 基于AHP-TOPSIS法的办公空间折叠床设计研究[J]. 林产工业, 2025, 62(3): 63-70.
ZHOU P F, ZHANG S Y, MIAO Y F.Research on Office Space Folding Bed Design Based on AHP-TOPSIS Method[J]. China Forest Products Industry, 2025, 62(3): 63-70.
[4] 郑镇华, 严波, 史佳龙. 以用户需求为导向的智能床设计[J]. 林业工程学报, 2024, 9(3): 184-193.
ZHENG Z H, YAN B, SHI J L.Research on Design Methods of Smart Bed Products Based on User Demands[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2024, 9(3): 184-193.
[5] 任玉洁, 陈瑞绮, 韦子怡. 基于AHP-TOPSIS模型的青少年解压玩具产品设计研究[J]. 包装工程, 2024, 45(8): 178-188.
REN Y J, CHEN R Q, WEI Z Y.Design of Stress-Relieving Toys for Adolescents Based on AHP-TOPSIS Model[J]. Packaging Engineering, 2024, 45(8): 178-188.
[6] 宋端树, 张善超, 朱桐, 等. 基于FBS模型和TOPSIS法的手部康复产品设计[J]. 机械设计, 2023, 40(10): 170-176.
SONG D S, ZHANG S C, ZHU T, et al.Hand Rehabilitation Product Design Based on FBS Model and TOPSIS Method[J]. Journal of Machine Design, 2023, 40(10): 170-176.
[7] 谭雨婕, 杨昕妍, 张仲凤, 等. 基于AHP-TOPSIS法的儿童卧房家具设计研究[J]. 林产工业, 2023, 60(4): 69-74.
TAN Y J, YANG X Y, ZHANG Z F, et al.Research on the Design of Children's Bedroom Furniture Based on AHP-TOPSIS Method[J]. China Forest Products Industry, 2023, 60(4): 69-74.
[8] 吴婕, 刘涛, 李晶. 基于FAHP-熵权TOPSIS的瑶族刺绣纹样食品模具设计应用研究[J]. 家具与室内装饰, 2024, 31(8): 40-47.
WU J, LIU T, LI J.Application of Yao Embroidery Pattern Food Mold Design Based on Multi-Source Data Fusion[J]. Furniture & Interior Design, 2024, 31(8): 40-47.
[9] 刘玲玲, 马彪, 潘梦媛, 等. 用户需求视角下湘西竹编纹样在家具设计中的应用[J]. 林业工程学报, 2024, 9(2): 167-174.
LIU L L, MA B, PAN M Y, et al.Application of Xiangxi Bamboo Pattern in Furniture Design from the Perspective of User Demands[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2024, 9(2): 167-174.
[10] 韩大伟, 呼斯乐. 基于模糊Kano模型的适老化床头柜魅力属性研究[J]. 林产工业, 2025, 62(1): 46-52.
HAN D W, HU S (L /Y). Research on the Charm Attributes of Age-Appropriate Bedside Tables Based on Fuzzy Kano Model[J]. China Forest Products Industry, 2025, 62(1): 46-52.
[11] 李敏, 陈文凤, 李兰, 等. 可拓语义和FKANO下阳新布贴现代家具设计[J]. 林业工程学报, 2024, 9(4): 176-184.
LI M, CHEN W F, LI L, et al.Yangxin Cloth Sticker Modern Furniture Design Based on Extension Semantics and FKANO Model[J]. Journal of Forestry Engineering, 2024, 9(4): 176-184.
[12] 曲敏, 李一杰, 吴江. 海昏侯国遗址博物馆文创灯具设计与评价研究[J]. 家具与室内装饰, 2023, 30(11): 87-93.
QU M, LI Y J, WU J.A Design and Evaluation Method of Cultural and Creative Lamps of Relic Museum for Haihun Principality[J]. Furniture & Interior Design, 2023, 30(11): 87-93.
[13] 张婷婷, 余森林. 基于AHP-DEMATEL的多功能露营桌设计研究[J]. 林产工业, 2024, 61(10): 55-60.
ZHANG T T, YU S L.Research on the Design of Multifunctional Camping Table Based on AHP-DEMATEL[J]. China Forest Products Industry, 2024, 61(10): 55-60.
[14] 赵诗凡, 沈雷. 多模态交互的老年高血压人群智能可穿戴研究[J]. 针织工业, 2024(4): 65-70.
ZHAO S F, SHEN L.Study of Intelligent Wearable Technology for Elderly Hypertension Population Based on Multimodal Interaction[J]. Knitting Industries, 2024(4): 65-70.
[15] 马晓婷, 张建敏. 基于AHP和SPSS的微耕机产品族特征基因分析[J]. 农机化研究, 2024, 46(12): 34-38.
MA X T, ZHANG J M.Characteristic Gene Analysis of Mini-Tiller Product Family Based on AHP and SPSS[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2024, 46(12): 34-38.
[16] 李晓英, 杨林, 王星达, 等. 基于NFBMS创新设计综合模型的上肢康复产品设计研究[J]. 图学学报, 2025, 46(1): 211-220.
LI X Y, YANG L, WANG X D, et al.Research on Upper Limb Rehabilitation Product Design Based on NFBMS Innovative Design Synthesis Model[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2025, 46(1): 211-220.
[17] 李赛赛, 孙博文, 谭佳怡. 用户需求驱动下的病区物流机器人服务系统设计[J]. 机械设计, 2024, 41(4): 164-169.
LI S S, SUN B W, TAN J Y.Design of Ward Logistics Robot Service System Driven by User Requirements[J]. Journal of Machine Design, 2024, 41(4): 164-169.
[18] 王年文, 刘蕴华. 基于FBS模型与可拓变换的手部康复产品设计方法[J]. 机械设计, 2020, 37(10): 139-144.
WANG N W, LIU Y H.Design Method of Hand Rehabilitation Products Based on FBS Model and Extension Transformation[J]. Journal of Machine Design, 2020, 37(10): 139-144.
[19] 田林钢, 马成功, 王绪. 基于AHP-熵权法的水利工程业主风险模糊评价[J]. 人民黄河, 2017, 39(12): 117-122.
TIAN L G, MA C G, WANG X.Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation of Owner's Risk of Water Conservancy Project Based on AHP-Entropy Weight Method[J]. Yellow River, 2017, 39(12): 117-122.
[20] 唐中君, 龙玉玲. 基于Kano模型的个性化需求获取方法研究[J]. 软科学, 2012, 26(2): 127-131.
TANG Z J, LONG Y L.Research on Method of Acquiring Individual Demand Based on Kano Model[J]. Soft Science, 2012, 26(2): 127-131.
[21] 唐茜, 晏子丹, 刘晓虹, 等. 多方法室内小型植物培育仪器的创新设计研究[J]. 林产工业, 2024, 61(6): 56-64.
TANG Q, YAN Z D, LIU X H, et al.Innovative Design of Multi-Method Indoor Small Intelligent Plant Cultivation Instrument[J]. China Forest Products Industry, 2024, 61(6): 56-64.
[22] 刘昕, 林康超, 刘征, 等. 基于主客观因素组合赋权的核酸提取仪界面设计人机可靠性评价[J]. 机械设计, 2023, 40(11): 163-169.
LIU X, LIN K C, LIU Z, et al.Human-Machine Reliability Assessment of Nucleic Acid Extractor Interface Design Based on Subjective and Objective Combination Weighting[J]. Journal of Machine Design, 2023, 40(11): 163-169.
[23] 王媚雪, 翟洪磊. 基于AHP与TOPSIS法的自闭症儿童康复训练产品设计评价方法及应用[J]. 图学学报, 2020, 41(3): 453-460.
WANG M X, ZHAI H L.Evaluation Method and Application of Rehabilitation Training Products for Autistic Children Based on AHP and TOPSIS[J]. Journal of Graphics, 2020, 41(3): 453-460.