目的 降低矿山透水事故造成的矿山工作人员伤亡风险和经济损失,提高矿井复杂环境中应急救援的响应速度和效率,提出一种面向矿山透水事故的应急救援装备设计方法。方法 构建融合事故树分析（FTA）、层次分析法（AHP）与发明问题解决理论（TRIZ）的设计流程。通过分析典型透水事故案例构建事故树模型,以识别关键致灾因素。运用AHP构建救援风险的层次结构模型,量化评估并排序各层级风险权重,明确装备设计的核心功能需求。应用TRIZ理论对高权重风险问题进行定义与矛盾矩阵分析,形成创新性的概念设计方案。最后,基于此方案完成应急救援装备的具体设计实践。结果及结论 利用该应急救援装备可以快速实施自主救援和主动救援,并实现了与外部救援力量的高效联动,提升了应急响应的整体效能,为应急救援装备设计提供了新的思路。
Abstract
To mitigate the risk of casualties and economic losses among mine personnel caused by water inrush accidents and enhance the response speed and efficiency of emergency rescue in complex mine environments, the work aims to propose a design method for emergency rescue equipment tailored to mine water inrush accidents. An integrated design process combining the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA), the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and the Theory of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ) was constructed. Firstly, a fault tree model was established based on typical water inrush accident cases to identify key disaster-causing factors. Then, the AHP was employed to develop a hierarchical risk assessment model for rescue operations, quantifying and prioritizing the risk weights at each level to clarify the core functional requirements for equipment design. Subsequently, the TRIZ was applied to define high-weight risk problems and conduct contradiction matrix analysis, leading to the formation of an innovative conceptual design scheme. Finally, specific design practice of the emergency rescue equipment was carried out based on this scheme. The proposed emergency rescue equipment enables rapid autonomous and proactive rescue operations, facilitates efficient coordination with external rescue forces, and improves the overall effectiveness of emergency response, providing a new perspective for the design of emergency rescue equipment.
关键词
矿山透水事故 /
应急救援装备设计 /
事故树分析（FTA） /
层次分析法（AHP） /
发明问题解决理论（TRIZ）
Key words
mine water inrush accident /
emergency rescue equipment design /
Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) /
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) /
Theory Of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ)
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基金
教育部人文社会科学项目（22YJC760131）; 重庆市教育委员会科学技术研究项目（KJZD-K202302302）
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