目的 无人驾驶商务车需在有限的内部空间更好地兼顾接待、会议和休息等多种使用形态,其内部功能与布局样式亟待系统性重构。本文聚焦车内功能筛选与空间配置问题,对无人驾驶商务车舱进行设计研究。方法 在亲和图法梳理商务活动需求、基于AHP（层次分析法）构建功能层级体系的基础上,创新提出专家评分与LLM（大语言模型）辅助判断的智能评价方式,进而总结功能设计策略。面对车内空间的尺寸限制与功能关联性约束,设计了一种启发式规则驱动的GA算法（遗传算法）,高效生成与优选车内空间布局方案。引入用户满意度指数对产出方案进行评价,检验设计结果。结果 构建的“LLM-AHP结合启发式规则驱动遗传算法”路径有效提升了设计师在无人驾驶商务舱室优化设计中的逻辑性与布局效率。结论 用户对优化设计的满意度较高,证明了该方案的有效性,为无人驾驶多用途车舱的空间配置设计提供了理论参考。
Abstract
The design of autonomous business vehicles must accommodate diverse usage scenarios such as reception, meetings, and rest within a limited cabin space, necessitating a systematic reconfiguration of internal functions and spatial layouts. Focusing on functional selection and spatial arrangement strategies, the work aims to study the design of autonomous business vehicle cabins. Based on an affinity diagram, the business activity requirements were analyzed, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to construct a functional hierarchy, an intelligent evaluation method was proposed by integrating expert scoring with large language model (LLM)-assisted judgment, thus summarizing the functional design strategies. Considering spatial constraints and functional interdependencies within the vehicle, a heuristic-rule-driven Genetic Algorithm (GA) was developed to efficiently generate and optimize spatial layout schemes. A user satisfaction index was introduced to evaluate the generated layouts and verify the effectiveness of the design solutions. The proposed "LLM-AHP-enhanced heuristic-rule-driven GA method" significantly improved the design logic and layout efficiency of designers in optimizing autonomous cabin configuration. User feedback indicates high satisfaction with the optimized outcomes, validating the approach and offering theoretical insights for multifunctional cabin design in autonomous vehicles.
关键词
无人驾驶商务车 /
车舱设计 /
AHP层次分析法 /
遗传算法
Key words
autonomous business vehicle /
cabin design /
Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) /
Genetic Algorithm (GA)
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