目的 探讨红色文化街区公共设施材料的视觉感知意象,明确兼具文化性和生活感的材料,探索表达红色文化意象的新路径。方法 选取红色文化空间和设施上常用的木材、金属与砖石材料作为研究对象。首先构建材料的色彩-材料-工艺（Color-Material-Finish,CMF）分类框架并制作样本,通过文献研究和专家调查法确定视觉感知评价维度;其次运用语义差异法（Semantic Differential,SD）获得公众评价数据,用因子分析提取文化性和生活感两项主成分因子;再运用聚类分析获得4组材料感知聚类。结果 类1材料为强红色文化意象弱生活感,可作为设施的局部强调装饰或用在红色文化资源较集中且文化属性较强的点状区域;类2兼具红色文化意象和生活感,应大面积使用把控设施及街区整体文化意象;类3为弱红色文化意象和弱生活感材料,应慎用;类4为强生活感弱红色文化意象,可少量使用。结论 运用4类材料进行设计实践与评价,类2为红色文化街区公共设施最具视觉感知偏好的材料。通过材料的CMF研究能明确揭示材料视觉特征和公众感知偏好,为红色街区公共设施设计提供参考,为营造红色文化空间提供新思路。
Abstract
The work aims to explore the visual perception imagery of materials used in public facilities within red cultural blocks, to identify materials that integrate both cultural symbolism and a sense of everyday life and discover new design approaches for expressing red cultural imagery. Wood, metal, and brick-stone materials commonly used in red cultural spaces and facilities were selected as research objects. A CMF (Color-Material-Finish) classification framework was firstly established, and representative samples were produced. Through literature analysis and expert consultation, perceptual evaluation dimensions were determined. The Semantic Differential (SD) method was then used to collect public perceptual data, from which two principal factors, culturality and livability, were extracted via factor analysis. Finally, hierarchical and K-means cluster analyses were employed to categorize the materials into four perceptual clusters. Materials in Category 1 exhibited strong red cultural attributes but weak livability, suitable for local accent decorations or culturally concentrated nodes. Materials in Category 2 combined both cultural and livable characteristics, and should be widely applied to define the overall cultural imagery of facilities and blocks. Materials in Category 3 showed weak cultural and livability attributes and should be used with caution. Materials in Category 4 presented high livability but low cultural symbolism, and might be used in small quantities. Among the four material types, Category 2 demonstrates the strongest visual perception preference for public facilities in red cultural blocks. The CMF-based analysis clarifies the visual characteristics and public perception preferences of materials, providing both a theoretical and practical reference for the design of red cultural public facilities and offering new perspectives for creating red cultural spatial imagery.
关键词
红色文化街区 /
公共设施材料 /
语义差异法（SD） /
色彩-材料-工艺（CMF）
Key words
red cultural blocks /
public facility materials /
Semantic Differential (SD) /
Color-Material-Finish (CMF)
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基金
武汉纺织大学外经贸学院教学改革研究项目资助（2025JY021）
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