目的 解决地铁列车运营换气过程中大量灰尘颗粒堆积在空调系统换气口处,造成车厢空气质量大幅下降等问题,采用KANO/TRIZ理论方法对空调清洁装置进行创新设计。方法 从现有的清洁方式出发,采用KANO分析法对列车清洁方式的用户需求进行确定。运用TRIZ理论九屏图法,从组件构成、运行时序、系统关联3个层面建立分析矩阵,并结合因果分析法揭示现阶段清洁装置不足的原因。基于缺陷分析结果,通过TRIZ理论的最终理想解（IFR）、聪明小人法及物场模型等工具开展清洁装置创新设计,形成多套初步方案。最后对方案中支撑零件的主要结构类型进行对比,通过建立不同支撑结构件模型,应用有限元法进行应力仿真实验,筛选最优结构参数。结果 通过KANO/TRIZ/有限元仿真的一体化分析设计方法,有效解决了现有地铁空调清洁存在的问题。结论 该方法为地铁空调维护与空气质量保障提供技术支撑,也为轨道交通同类设备创新设计提供参考。
Abstract
To solve the problems such as significant accumulation of dust particles at the air vents of the air conditioning system during the ventilation process of subway train operation, which leads to a substantial decline in the air quality inside the carriages, the work aims to adopt KANO/TRIZ theoretical methods for the innovative design of the air conditioning cleaning device. Starting from the existing cleaning methods, the KANO analysis method was used to identify the user requirements for train cleaning methods. The Nine-Window Diagram method of TRIZ theory was applied to establish an analysis matrix from three dimensions of component composition, operation sequence, and system correlation. Combined with the causal analysis method, the causes of the shortcomings of the current cleaning devices were revealed. Based on the results of defect analysis, tools of TRIZ theory such as the Ideal Final Result (IFR), Smart Little People Method, and Substance-Field Model were used to conduct the innovative design of the cleaning device, resulting in multiple sets of preliminary schemes. Finally, the main structural types of the supporting parts in the schemes were compared. By establishing models of different supporting structural parts, stress simulation experiments were carried out with the finite element method to screen out the optimal structural parameters. Through the integrated analysis and design method combining KANO, TRIZ, and finite element simulation, the existing problems in the cleaning of subway air conditioning systems were effectively solved. This method provides technical support for subway air conditioning maintenance and air quality assurance, and offers reference for the innovative design of similar equipment in rail transit.
关键词
KANO /
TRIZ /
列车清洁 /
有限元分析 /
优化设计
Key words
KANO /
TRIZ /
train cleaning /
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) /
optimal design
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基金
广东省青年人才创新项目（2025KQNCX223）; 广州市教育局高校科研项目（2024312523）
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