基于情景故事法与AHP-QFD的上肢残疾者如厕辅助器具产品设计

廖礼; 李维立; 杨成颢

doi:10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.10.013

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包装工程（设计栏目） ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (10) : 142-156. DOI: 10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.10.013

工业设计

基于情景故事法与AHP-QFD的上肢残疾者如厕辅助器具产品设计

廖礼¹, 李维立¹, 杨成颢^2,*

作者信息 +

Product Design of a Toilet-assistance Device for Individuals with Upper Limb Disabilities Based on Scenario-based Design and AHP-QFD

LIAO Li¹, LI Weili¹, YANG Chenghao^2,*

Author information +

文章历史 +

摘要

目的针对上肢残疾者在外出如厕时难以独立完成脱穿裤子这一关键动作,提出适用于多种场景的如厕辅助器具设计,以提升其自主完成如厕护理的能力,满足其生理需求与心理尊严。方法采用访谈法与情景故事法(SBD)梳理目标用户在实际如厕情境中的操作步骤、痛点与情绪反应,提取初始需求要素并按需求属性进行归类。在此基础上,运用层次分析法（AHP）对关键需求的重要度进行排序,并采用质量功能展开法（QFD）将优先需求映射至关键技术指标与设计要素。提出产品设计方案并对其综合评估。结果基于访谈法与情景故事法、AHP-QFD流程进行用户分析,从而识别关键需求,并据此设计出如厕辅助器具及验证。结论采用定性需求挖掘与定量需求优先级分析相结合的方法,提出了以日常服装为载体的辅助器具产品设计方案。该研究路径为面向弱势群体的辅助产品开发提供了一种低成本、易于复制的需求导向型产品设计策略。

Abstract

To address the challenge that individuals with upper limb disabilities often cannot independently complete the critical task of taking off and putting on pants when using the restroom away from home, the work aims to propose the design of toilet-assistance devices adaptable to various scenarios to enhance their ability to manage toileting care autonomously while preserving both their physiological needs and psychological dignity. Interviews and scenario-based design (SBD) methods were employed to delineate the operational steps, pain points, and emotional responses of target users in actual toileting situations, thereby extracting initial need elements and categorizing them based on their inherent attributes. Building upon this, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to rank the importance of key needs, and the Quality Function Deployment (QFD) was utilized to map the prioritized needs to critical technical indices and design elements. A comprehensive product design scheme was then proposed and evaluated. Based on the user analysis derived from the combined application of interviews, scenario-based design, and an AHP-QFD process, key needs were identified and subsequently used to design and validate the toilet-assistance device. By adopting a method that combines qualitative needs elicitation with quantitative needs prioritization, an assistive product design scheme with everyday clothing as the carrier is proposed. This research pathway provides a low-cost, easily replicable, need-driven product design strategy for assistive product development targeting vulnerable user groups.

导出引用1

廖礼, 李维立, 杨成颢. 基于情景故事法与AHP-QFD的上肢残疾者如厕辅助器具产品设计[J]. 包装工程. 2026, 47(10): 142-156 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.10.013

LIAO Li, LI Weili, YANG Chenghao. Product Design of a Toilet-assistance Device for Individuals with Upper Limb Disabilities Based on Scenario-based Design and AHP-QFD[J]. Packaging Engineering. 2026, 47(10): 142-156 https://doi.org/10.19554/j.cnki.1001-3563.2026.10.013

中图分类号： TB472

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