目的 随着肩部运动障碍患者不断增加,针对肩部康复产品存在设计分析不客观等问题,构建结构化模型的设计范式,为脑卒中肩部运动障碍患者设计一套安全、舒适的肩部康复训练产品。方法 通过文献研究与小组讨论进行用户需求初步获取与分类,并通过观察用户行为与用户访谈构建用户需求指标体系,最终筛选得出4项一级需求指标与11项二级需求指标;运用最优最劣法（Best-Worst Method,BWM）计算需求权重,获取关键性需求;利用功能-行为-结构模型（Function-Behavior-Structure,FBS）,实现从用户关键需求到产品关键结构的映射,从而指导肩部康复产品设计;针对多个设计方案,利用多准则妥协解排序法（Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje,VIKOR）、并结合评价指标体系,对各设计方案进行客观评价分析,筛选最佳初步产品设计方案,优化完善初步方案中不足的功能,输出最终方案并结合运动学分析与JACK仿真验证最终方案的可行性。结果 以一种肩部康复训练产品设计为例,利用BWM-FBS-VIKOR集成方法,明确用户需求,指导肩部康复产品设计,决策并优化出与用户需求相匹配的设计方案,经运动学与JACK仿真验证,最终方案有效满足用户需求。结论 该集成方法可以有效提高肩部康复产品设计方案的可靠性和准确性,为肩部康复产品设计研究提供有力支撑,具有广泛的推广应用价值。
Abstract
With the increasing number of patients suffering from shoulder movement disorders, to address issues such as the lack of objective design analysis in existing shoulder rehabilitation products, the work aims to establish a structured design paradigm to design a safe and comfortable shoulder rehabilitation training product for stroke patients with shoulder movement disorders. Through literature research and group discussions, preliminary acquisition and classification of user needs were conducted. Subsequently, by observing user behavior and conducting user interviews, a user need indicator system was constructed, ultimately screening out 4 primary need indicators and 11 secondary need indicators. The Best-Worst Method (BWM) was applied to calculate need weights and identify critical needs. The Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) model was utilized to achieve mapping from key user needs to key product structures, thereby guiding the design of the shoulder rehabilitation product. For multiple design solutions, the VIKOR (Vise Kriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje) method, combined with the evaluation indicator system, was used to conduct objective evaluation and analysis of each design solution, screening the best preliminary product design solution. The preliminary solution was optimized by refining its insufficient functions, delivering the final solution and its feasibility was validated through kinematic analysis and JACK simulation. With the design of a shoulder rehabilitation training product as an example, the integrated BWM-FBS-VIKOR method was employed to clarify user needs, guide the design of the shoulder rehabilitation product, decide upon and optimize a design solution that matched user needs. Validated through kinematics and JACK simulation, the final solution effectively met user needs. This integrated method can effectively improve the reliability and accuracy of shoulder rehabilitation product design solutions, providing strong support for shoulder rehabilitation product design research, and possesses broad application and promotion value.
关键词
产品设计 /
BWM /
FBS /
VIKOR /
肩部康复产品
Key words
product design /
BWM /
FBS /
VIKOR /
shoulder rehabilitation products
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基金
徐州市重点研发计划（社会发展）项目（KC22281）; 江苏师范大学研究生实践创新计划（2024XKT0678）
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